ArticleInfection and immunity2007
Hemolysin and the multifunctional autoprocessing RTX toxin are virulence factors during intestinal infection of mice with Vibrio cholerae El Tor O1 strains.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 64 papers.
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Who cites it
64 citing papers in PubMed, 99 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Identification of critical amino acids in the DNA binding domain of LuxO: Lessons from a constitutive active LuxO.PloS one · 2024Article
- Genetic and Phenotypic Virulence Potential of Non-O1/Non-O139Microorganisms · 2023Article
- Cholera Dynamics and the Emergence of Pandemic Vibrio cholerae.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2023Article
- Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicles: From Discovery to Applications.Annual review of microbiology · 2021Review
- A Combination of Metagenomic and Cultivation Approaches Reveals Hypermutator Phenotypes within Vibrio cholerae-Infected Patients.mSystems · 2021Article
- Eco-evolutionary feedbacks mediated by bacterial membrane vesicles.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2021Review
- Interbacterial competition and anti-predatory behaviour of environmental Vibrio cholerae strains.Environmental microbiology · 2020Article
- Spatiotemporal Regulation ofToxins · 2020Review
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- Characterization of Vibrio cholerae isolates from freshwater sources in northwest Ohio.PloS one · 2020Article
- Indole Inhibits ToxR Regulon Expression inInfection and immunity · 2019Article
- Host-Microbe-Pathogen Interactions: A Review ofFrontiers in immunology · 2019Review
- El Tor BiotypeFrontiers in immunology · 2019Article
- Molecular insights into Vibrio cholerae's intra-amoebal host-pathogen interactions.Nature communications · 2018Article
- Structural basis of mammalian glycan targeting by Vibrio cholerae cytolysin and biofilm proteins.PLoS pathogens · 2018Article
- Quantifying Vibrio cholerae Enterotoxicity in a Zebrafish Infection Model.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2017Article
4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The seventh cholera pandemic that started in 1961 was caused by Vibrio cholerae O1 strains of the El Tor biotype. These strains produce the pore-forming toxin hemolysin, a characteristic used clinically to distinguish classical and El Tor biotypes. Even though extensive in vitro data on the cytolytic activities of hemolysin exist, the connection of hemolysin to virulence in vivo is not well characterized. To study the contribution of hemolysin and other accessory toxins to pathogenesis, we utilized the model of intestinal infection in adult mice sensitive to the actions of accessory toxins. In this study, we showed that 4- to 6-week-old streptomycin-fed C57BL/6 mice were susceptible to intestinal infection with El Tor strains, which caused rapid death at high doses. Hemolysin had the predominant role in lethality, with a secondary contribution by the multifunctional autoprocessing RTX (MARTX) toxin. Cholera toxin and hemagglutinin/protease did not contribute to lethality in this model. Rapid death was not caused by increased dissemination due to a damaged epithelium since the numbers of CFU recovered from spleens and livers 6 h after infection did not differ between mice inoculated with hemolysin-expressing strains and those infected with non-hemolysin-expressing strains. Although accessory toxins were linked to virulence, a strain defective in the production of accessory toxins was still immunogenic since mice immunized with a multitoxin-deficient strain were protected from a subsequent lethal challenge with the wild type. These data suggest that hemolysin and MARTX toxin contribute to vaccine reactogenicity but that the genes for these toxins can be deleted from vaccine strains without affecting vaccine efficacy.
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