SynthesisCNS drugs2007
Clinical impact of adjuvant chemotherapy in glioblastoma multiforme : a meta-analysis.
Synthesis in CNS drugs, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Temozolomide for high grade glioma.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2013Pooled it
- IMPDH Inhibition Decreases TERT Expression and Synergizes the Cytotoxic Effect of Chemotherapeutic Agents in Glioblastoma Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Nanogels as a Versatile Drug Delivery System for Brain Cancer.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Article
- Sulforaphane induces apoptosis and inhibits invasion in U251MG glioblastoma cells.SpringerPlus · 2016Article
- Downregulation of Id2 increases chemosensitivity of glioma.Tumour biology : the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine · 2015Article
- Radiation and concomitant chemotherapy for patients with glioblastoma multiforme.Chinese journal of cancer · 2014Review
- Treatment of glioblastoma multiforme with high doses of carmustine intracavitary, in an infant.Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery · 2012Article
- Early toxicity predicts long-term survival in high-grade glioma.British journal of cancer · 2011Article
- Incorporating BCNU wafers into malignant glioma treatment: European case studies.Clinical drug investigation · 2010Article
- DNA alkylation products formed by 1-(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea as molecular dosimeters of therapeutic response.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2009Article
- A retrospective study of the safety of BCNU wafers with concurrent temozolomide and radiotherapy and adjuvant temozolomide for newly diagnosed glioblastoma patients.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2008Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundA meta-analysis of chemotherapy for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) was performed. We sought to update prior analyses by focusing exclusively on GBM, including new trials of novel treatments, assessing effectiveness of individual treatment categories and presenting data in a clinically useful format.
methodsA search of MEDLINE and EMBASE was conducted for randomised controlled trials of chemotherapy in GBM.
resultsRelative risks (RRs) for survival in 16 trials comparing chemotherapy with no chemotherapy were 1.18 (95% CI 1.08, 1.30) at 6 months, 1.53 (95% CI 1.26, 1.86) at 12 months and 2.12 (95% CI 1.60, 2.80) at 24 months. Nitrosourea compounds, local therapy (e.g. carmustine [1,3-bis [2-chloroethyl]-1-nitrosourea] wafers) and temozolomide were all more effective than no chemotherapy. Absolute increases in survival at 6, 12 and 24 months were 11%, 8% and 1%, respectively, for nitrosourea compounds; 8%, 24% and 5%, respectively, for local therapy; and 4%, 15% and 17%, respectively, for temozolomide. Efficacy of local therapy and temozolomide peaked at 12 and 18 months, respectively. After 2 years, nitrosourea compounds no longer provided clinically relevant benefit (number needed-to-treat [NNT] = 100; effect size [ES] = 0.17 SD), local therapy had diminishing returns (NNT = 20) that remained clinically relevant (ES = 0.71 SD) and temozolomide continued to show good efficacy (NNT = 5.9; ES = 0.74 SD). Survival was not significantly improved with multi-agent versus single-agent nitrosourea-based therapy in five trials: 6-month RR 0.91 (95% CI 0.71, 1.16); 24-month RR 1.33 (95% CI 0.72, 2.46).
conclusionAlthough nitrosourea compounds, local therapy and temozolomide are all effective in the treatment of GBM, local therapy and temozolomide may be associated with greater response, with clinically significant benefits extending to 24 months. The timing of peak benefits of local and temozolomide therapy suggests this combination may be more effective than single-agent chemotherapy and warrants further study.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.