SynthesisThe Journal of infection2007
Rapid diagnosis of pneumococcal pneumonia among HIV-infected adults with urine antigen detection.
Synthesis in The Journal of infection, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 83 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of a urine-based pneumococcal antigen test for diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2013Pooled it
- Pneumococcal serotype distribution and outcomes in cancer patients with community-acquired pneumonia: A prospective study using the 15-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine serotype specific urinary antigen detection assay.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2026Observational
- How to identify respiratory pathogens in primary health care - a review on the benefits, prospects and pitfalls in using point of care tests.Infection · 2025Review
- The microbiological characteristics and diagnosis ofHuman vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Review
- The Microbial Etiology of Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Adults: from Classical Bacteriology to Host Transcriptional Signatures.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2022Review
- Non-invasive pneumococcal pneumonia due to vaccine serotypes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.EClinicalMedicine · 2022Article
- Time Trend of the Sensitivity of the Pneumococcal Urinary Antigen Test for Diagnosing Pneumococcal Community-Acquired Pneumonia: An Analysis of 15-Year, Prospective Cohort Data.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2021Article
- Community-acquired pneumonia: similarities and differences between European and American guidelines - A narrative review.Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia · 2021Review
- A Reappraisal of Streptococcal Urinary Antigen Testing for Antibiotic Stewardship.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2020Article
- Etiology of community-acquired pneumonia in adults: a systematic review.Pneumonia (Nathan Qld.) · 2020Review
- Re-validation and update of an extended-specificity multiplex assay for detection ofAccess microbiology · 2020Article
- A false-positive pneumococcal rapid urinary antigen test inRespirology case reports · 2019Article
- Evaluation of the Sofia S. pneumoniae FIA for Detection of Pneumococcal Antigen in Patients with Bloodstream Infection.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2019Article
- [Description and role of bacteriological techniques in the management of lung infections].Revue des maladies respiratoires · 2017Review
- Development of an Extended-Specificity Multiplex Immunoassay for Detection of Streptococcus pneumoniae Serotype-Specific Antigen in Urine by Use of Human Monoclonal Antibodies.Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI · 2017Article
- Evolving Understanding of the Causes of Pneumonia in Adults, With Special Attention to the Role of Pneumococcus.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2017Review
- Multiplex Urinary Antigen Detection for 13 Streptococcus pneumoniae Serotypes Improves Diagnosis of Pneumococcal Pneumonia in South African HIV-Infected Adults.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2017Article
- Evaluation of urine pneumococcal antigen test performance among adults in Western Kenya.Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease · 2016Article
- Clinical usefulness of pneumococcal urinary antigen test, stratified by disease severity and serotypes.Journal of infection and chemotherapy : official journal of the Japan Society of Chemotherapy · 2015Article
- Diagnosis of pneumococcal pneumonia: current pitfalls and the way forward.Infection & chemotherapy · 2013Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesStreptococcus pneumoniae is the leading cause of bacterial pneumonia and associated bacteremia during HIV infection. Rapid diagnostic assays may limit inappropriate therapy.
methodsClinical signs and symptoms and sera and urine were collected prospectively from 70 adults with pneumococcal pneumonia, including 47 with HIV co-infection. Pneumococcal C-polysaccharide antigen was detected in urine using the Binax immunochromatographic test (ICT). A systematic review of 24 published studies was conducted.
resultsClinical symptoms, signs, and laboratory parameters except leukocytosis, were similar in HIV-infected and HIV-seronegative pneumonia. The performance of the urine antigen ICT was independent of HIV-status (sensitivity 81%, specificity 98%, positive (PPV) and negative predictive values (NPV) 98%, and 82%, respectively). The sensitivity of sputum Gram's stain was 58% (34/59) with sputum unable to be provided by 16%. The CRP response was identical in HIV-infected (mean+/-SD) 133+/-88 vs. seronegative 135+/-104 mg/L (p=0.9). In the systematic review, the ICT performance revealed 74% sensitivity (95% CI 72-77%) and 94% specificity (95% CI 93-95%). Urine antigen testing increases etiologic diagnosis by 23% (range: 10-59%) when testing adults with community acquired pneumonia of unknown etiology.
conclusionsUrinary antigen detection provides a credible rapid diagnostic test for pneumococcal pneumonia regardless of HIV-status. CRP response to acute infection is similar in HIV co-infection and increases diagnostic certainty.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.