ReviewCytokine & growth factor reviews
Interferon, Mx, and viral countermeasures.
Review in Cytokine & growth factor reviews. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 74 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
74 citing papers in PubMed.
- AnViruses · 2025Article
- Parvovirus B19 NS1 protein induces synovitis mimicking rheumatoid arthritis.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Protective effects and mechanisms of ellagic acid on intestinal injury in piglets infected with porcine epidemic diarrhea virus.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Integration of ATAC-seq and RNA-seq identifies MX1-mediated AP-1 transcriptional regulation as a therapeutic target for Down syndrome.Biological research · 2023Article
- RIPK3 promotes hantaviral replication by restricting JAK-STAT signaling without triggering necroptosis.Virologica Sinica · 2023Article
- Zebrafish-based platform for emerging bio-contaminants and virus inactivation research.The Science of the total environment · 2023Review
- Comparative Study on Immune Function of the Head and Trunk Kidney in Rainbow Trout Responding to IHNV Infection.Viruses · 2022Article
- Innate immune imprints in SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant infection convalescents.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2022Article
- Immune Response Gaps Linked to SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Cellular Exhaustion, Senescence, or Both?International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Article
- Comparative Genomics of the Waterfowl Innate Immune System.Molecular biology and evolution · 2022Article
- Isolation and characterization of the mink interferon-epsilon gene and its antiviral activity.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2022Article
- Prospects on Repurposing a Live Attenuated Vaccine for the Control of Unrelated Infections.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Chemical Exposures Affect Innate Immune Response to SARS-CoV-2.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Review
- Article
- Gene expression profiles of germ-free and conventional piglets from the same litter.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Article
- Pigs with Severe Combined Immunodeficiency Are Impaired in Controlling Influenza A Virus Infection.Journal of innate immunity · 2017Article
- Induction of systemic IFITM3 expression does not effectively control foot-and-mouth disease viral infection in transgenic pigs.Veterinary microbiology · 2016Article
14 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The interferon system provides a powerful and universal intracellular defense mechanism against viruses. Knockout mice defective in IFN signaling quickly succumb to all kinds of viral infections. Likewise, humans with genetic defects in interferon signaling die of viral disease at an early age. Among the known interferon-induced antiviral mechanisms, the Mx pathway is one of the most powerful. Mx proteins belong to the dynamin superfamily of large GTPases and have direct antiviral activity. They inhibit a wide range of viruses by blocking an early stage of the viral replication cycle. Likewise, the protein kinase R (PKR), and the 2-5 OAS/RNaseL system represent major antiviral pathways and have been extensively studied. Viruses, in turn, have evolved multiple strategies to escape the IFN system. They try to go undetected, suppress IFN synthesis, bind and neutralize secreted IFN molecules, block IFN signaling, or inhibit the action of IFN-induced antiviral proteins. Here, we summarize recent findings about the astonishing interplay of viruses with the IFN response pathway.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.