ArticleMolecular and cellular biology2008
Involvement of importin-4 in the transport of transition protein 2 into the spermatid nucleus.
Article in Molecular and cellular biology, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Histone Nuclear Import and Beyond: Multifunctional Roles of Importins.BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Recognition motifs for importin 4 [(L)PPRS(G/P)P] and importin 5 [KP(K/Y)LV] binding, identified by bio-informatic simulation and experimentalComputational and structural biotechnology journal · 2022Article
- Epigenetic Small Molecules Rescue Nucleocytoplasmic Transport and DNA Damage Phenotypes in C9ORF72 ALS/FTD.Brain sciences · 2021Article
- FOXM1D potentiates PKM2-mediated tumor glycolysis and angiogenesis.Molecular oncology · 2021Article
- The roles of microRNAs in regulation of mammalian spermatogenesis.Journal of animal science and biotechnology · 2017Review
- Transcriptome analysis reveals differentially expressed genes associated with germ cell and gonad development in the Southern bluefin tuna (Thunnus maccoyii).BMC genomics · 2016Article
- Nuclear import of the thyroid hormone receptor α1 is mediated by importin 7, importin β1, and adaptor importin α1.Molecular and cellular endocrinology · 2016Article
- Mapping of Post-translational Modifications of Transition Proteins, TP1 and TP2, and Identification of Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 4 and Lysine Methyltransferase 7 as Methyltransferase for TP2.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2015Article
- Recent knowledge concerning mammalian sperm chromatin organization and its potential weaknesses when facing oxidative challenge.Basic and clinical andrology · 2014Article
- Transcriptome analysis of silkworm, Bombyx mori, during early response to Beauveria bassiana challenges.PloS one · 2014Article
- Insights into role of bromodomain, testis-specific (Brdt) in acetylated histone H4-dependent chromatin remodeling in mammalian spermiogenesis.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2012Article
- Nuclear import by karyopherin-βs: recognition and inhibition.Biochimica et biophysica acta · 2011Review
- CCAAT/enhancer binding protein delta (C/EBPdelta, CEBPD)-mediated nuclear import of FANCD2 by IPO4 augments cellular response to DNA damage.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2010Article
- Acetylation of transition protein 2 (TP2) by KAT3B (p300) alters its DNA condensation property and interaction with putative histone chaperone NPM3.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2009Article
- Identification of a novel nucleolin related protein (NRP) gene expressed during rat spermatogenesis.BMC molecular biology · 2009Article
- Putting things in place for fertilization: discovering roles for importin proteins in cell fate and spermatogenesis.Asian journal of andrologyReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Mammalian spermiogenesis is characterized by a unique chromatin-remodeling process in which histones are replaced by transition protein 1 (TP1), TP2, and TP4, which are further replaced by protamines. We showed previously that the import of TP2 into the haploid spermatid nucleus requires the components of cytosol and ATP. We have now carried out a detailed analysis to characterize the molecular components underlying the nuclear translocation of TP2. Real-time PCR analysis of the expression of different importins in testicular germ cells revealed that importin-4 and importin-beta3 are significantly up-regulated in tetraploid and haploid germ cells. We carried out physical interaction studies as well as an in vitro nuclear transport assay using recombinant TP2 and the nuclear localization signal of TP2 (TP2(NLS)) fused to glutathione S-transferase in digitonin-permeabilized, haploid, round spermatids and identified importin-4 to be involved in the import of TP2. A three-dimensional model of the importin-4 protein was generated using the crystal structure of importin-beta1 as the template. Molecular docking simulations of TP2(NLS) with the importin-4 structure led to the identification of a TP2(NLS) binding pocket spanning the three helices (helices 21 to 23) of importin-4, which was experimentally confirmed by in vitro interaction and import studies with different deletion mutants of importin-4. In contrast to TP2, TP1 import was accomplished through a passive diffusion process.
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