ArticleJournal of virology2007
The coronavirus spike protein induces endoplasmic reticulum stress and upregulation of intracellular chemokine mRNA concentrations.
Article in Journal of virology, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 86 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
86 citing papers in PubMed, 143 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Article
- Role of endoplasmic reticulum stress in cell apoptosis induced by duck hepatitis A virus type 1 infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Wuhan strain of SARS-CoV-2 triggers activation of immune evasion machinery similar to the one operated by cancer cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Eicosanoids Signals in SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Foe or Friend.Molecular biotechnology · 2024Review
- Characterization of the symmetrical benzimidazole twin drug TL1228: the role as viral entry inhibitor for fighting COVID-19.Biology direct · 2024Article
- Viral Infections and Their Ability to Modulate Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Response Pathways.Viruses · 2024Review
- Uncovering strain- and age-dependent innate immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection in air-liquid-interface cultured nasal epithelia.iScience · 2024Article
- The IRE1α-XBP1 arm of the unfolded protein response is a host factor activated in SARS-CoV-2 infection.Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular basis of disease · 2024Article
- COVID-19 related neurological manifestations in Parkinson's disease: has ferroptosis been a suspect?Cell death discovery · 2024Review
- Structural proteins of human coronaviruses: what makes them different?Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Review
- Coronavirus takeover of host cell translation and intracellular antiviral response: a molecular perspective.The EMBO journal · 2024Review
- Dual roles of CD11bFrontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- SARS-COV-2 spike protein promotes RPE cell senescence via the ROS/P53/P21 pathway.Biogerontology · 2023Article
- The unfolded protein response components IRE1α and XBP1 promote human coronavirus infection.mBio · 2023Article
- Beta-coronaviruses exploit cellular stress responses by modulating TFEB and TFE3 activity.iScience · 2023Article
- Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus and Its nsp14 Suppress ER Stress Induced GRP78.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Machine learning insights concerning inflammatory and liver-related risk comorbidities in non-communicable and viral diseases.World journal of gastroenterology · 2022Review
- Thiopurines inhibit coronavirus Spike protein processing and incorporation into progeny virions.PLoS pathogens · 2022Article
26 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Murine hepatitis virus (MHV) and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus (CoV) are two of the best-studied representatives of the family Coronaviridae. During CoV infection, numerous cytokines and chemokines are induced in vitro and in vivo. Human interleukin 8 and its mouse functional counterpart, CXCL2, are early-expressed chemokines. Here we show that SARS-CoV and MHV induce endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and Cxcl2 mRNA transcription during infection in vitro. Expression of the viral spike protein significantly induced ER stress and Cxcl2 mRNA upregulation, while expression of the other structural genes did not. Additional experiments with UV-inactivated virus, cell-cell fusion-blocking antibodies, and an MHV mutant with a defect in spike protein maturation demonstrated that spike-host interactions in the ER are responsible for the induction of ER stress and subsequent Cxcl2 mRNA transcription. Despite significant increases in levels of Cxcl2 mRNA and functional nucleus-to-cytoplasm RNA transport, no CXCL2 protein was released into the medium from MHV-infected cells. Yet Sendai virus-infected cells showed substantial Cxcl2 mRNA induction and a simultaneous increase in levels of secreted CXCL2 protein. Our results demonstrate that expression of CoV spike proteins induces ER stress, which could subsequently trigger innate immune responses. However, at that point in infection, translation of host mRNA is already severely reduced in infected cells, preventing the synthesis of CXCL2 and ER stress proteins despite their increased mRNA concentrations.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.