ArticleGlia2007
IFN-gamma-induced IDO and WRS expression in microglia is differentially regulated by IL-4.
Article in Glia, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 61 citations in OpenAlex.
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- The Kynurenine Pathway, Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor, and Alzheimer's Disease.Brain sciences · 2024Review
- Kynurenines and Inflammation: A Remarkable Axis for Multiple Sclerosis Treatment.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- DNA Damage-driven Inflammatory Cytokines: Reprogramming of Tumor Immune Microenvironment and Application of Oncotherapy.Current medical science · 2024Review
- Interferon-gamma ameliorates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by inducing homeostatic adaptation of microglia.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Stress and Kynurenine-Inflammation Pathway in Major Depressive Disorder.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2023Article
- Potential Inflammatory Biomarker in Patients with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Is SARS-CoV-2 a Risk Factor of Bipolar Disorder?-A Narrative Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
- The Kynurenine Pathway-New Linkage between Innate and Adaptive Immunity in Autoimmune Endocrinopathies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- The Kynurenine Pathway is Differentially Activated in Children with Lyme Disease and Tick-Borne Encephalitis.Microorganisms · 2021Article
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- Inhibiting ER Stress Weakens Neuronal Pyroptosis in a Mouse Acute Hemorrhagic Stroke Model.Molecular neurobiology · 2020Article
- Immune Tolerance as the Physiologic Counterpart of Chronic Inflammation.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Article
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- Tryptophan metabolites kynurenine and serotonin regulate fibroblast activation and fibrosis.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2018Review
- Individualized Immunological Data for Precise Classification of OCD Patients.Brain sciences · 2018Review
- Glial and tissue-specific regulation ofNeurobiology of stress · 2017Article
- Maternal Inflammation Results in Altered Tryptophan Metabolism in Rabbit Placenta and Fetal Brain.Developmental neuroscience · 2017Article
- Neuroimmunology of the Interleukins 13 and 4.Brain sciences · 2016Article
- Resveratrol regulates naïve CD 8+ T-cell proliferation by upregulating IFN-γ-induced tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase expression.BMB reports · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), a tryptophan catabolizing enzyme, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various neurological disorders. IDO expression is induced by IFN-gamma and leads to neurotoxicity by generating quinolinic acid. Additionally, it inhibits the immune response through both tryptophan depletion and generating other tryptophan catabolites. IL-4 and IL-13 have been shown to control IDO expression by antagonizing the effects of IFN-gamma in different cell types. Here, we investigated the effects of these cytokines on IDO expression in microglia. Interestingly, we observed that both IL-4 and IL-13 greatly enhanced IFN-gamma-induced IDO expression. However, tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase (WRS), which is coinduced with IDO by IFN-gamma, is downregulated by IL-4 and IL-13. The effect of IL-4 and IL-13 was independent of STAT-6. Modulation of IDO but not WRS was eliminated by inhibition of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) activity. The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway further differentiated the regulation of these two enzymes, as inhibiting the PI3K pathway eliminated IFN-gamma induction of IDO, whereas such inhibition greatly enhanced WRS expression. These findings show discordance between modulations of expression of two distinct enzymes utilizing tryptophan as a common substrate, and raise the possibility of their involvement in regulating immune responses in various neurological disorders.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.