ArticleThe EMBO journal2007
Structural and functional insights into RAGE activation by multimeric S100B.
Article in The EMBO journal, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 105 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
105 citing papers in PubMed, 239 citations in OpenAlex.
- RAGE Signalling in Acute Inflammatory Disorders: Therapeutic Potential of Natural Products.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Review
- A first structural model for covalent dimerization of S100 proteins.Acta crystallographica. Section F, Structural biology communications · 2026Article
- The Diagnostic Promise of Serum S100B Protein in Pregnancy-Related Hypertension: A Narrative Review.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Design and characterization of calprotectin tetramerization variants for probing the role of oligomerization in receptor activation.Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society · 2026Article
- Modulation of Aging Diseases via RAGE Targets: A Dietary Intervention Review.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Review
- ROS anchor PAMPs-mediated extracellular HMGB1 self-association and its dimerization enhances pro-inflammatory signaling.Redox biology · 2025Article
- Resveratrol Attenuates Fibrosis and Alters Signaling Pathways in Diabetic Cardiac and Skeletal Muscles and Adipose Tissue Without Reversing Structural Damage.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Secondary Modification of S100B Influences Anti Amyloid-β Aggregation Activity and Alzheimer's Disease Pathology.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Article
- Time-Dependent Changes in the Biofluid Levels of Neural Injury Markers in Severe Traumatic Brain Injury Patients-Cerebrospinal Fluid and Cerebral Microdialysates: A Longitudinal Prospective Pilot Study.Neurotrauma reports · 2023Article
- S100B chaperone multimers suppress the formation of oligomers during Aβ42Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Article
- RAGE Inhibitors for Targeted Therapy of Cancer: A Comprehensive Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- S100 Proteins as Novel Therapeutic Targets in Psoriasis and Other Autoimmune Diseases.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Bone matrix quality in a developing high-fat diet mouse model is altered by RAGE deletion.Bone · 2022Article
- Lutein levels in arterial cord blood correlate with neurotrophic calcium binding S100B protein in healthy preterm and term newborns.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2022Article
- Intracellular Protein S-Nitrosylation-A Cells Response to Extracellular S100B and RAGE Receptor.Biomolecules · 2022Article
- A Structural Perspective on Calprotectin as a Ligand of Receptors Mediating Inflammation and Potential Drug Target.Biomolecules · 2022Review
- Heparan sulfate-dependent RAGE oligomerization is indispensable for pathophysiological functions of RAGE.eLife · 2022Article
- Pathophysiology of RAGE in inflammatory diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
45 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Nervous system development and plasticity require regulation of cell proliferation, survival, neurite outgrowth and synapse formation by specific extracellular factors. The EF-hand protein S100B is highly expressed in human brain. In the extracellular space, it promotes neurite extension and neuron survival via the receptor RAGE (receptor for advanced glycation end products). The X-ray structure of human Ca(2+)-loaded S100B was determined at 1.9 A resolution. The structure revealed an octameric architecture of four homodimeric units arranged as two tetramers in a tight array. The presence of multimeric forms in human brain extracts was confirmed by size-exclusion experiments. Recombinant tetrameric, hexameric and octameric S100B were purified from Escherichia coli and characterised. Binding studies show that tetrameric S100B binds RAGE with higher affinity than dimeric S100B. Analytical ultracentrifugation studies imply that S100B tetramer binds two RAGE molecules via the V-domain. In line with these experiments, S100B tetramer caused stronger activation of cell growth than S100B dimer and promoted cell survival. The structural and the binding data suggest that tetrameric S100B triggers RAGE activation by receptor dimerisation.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.