Trial reportAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy2007
Phase I and II study of the safety, virologic effect, and pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics of single-dose 3-o-(3',3'-dimethylsuccinyl)betulinic acid (bevirimat) against human immunodeficiency virus infection.
Trial report in Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 99 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
99 citing papers in PubMed, 192 citations in OpenAlex.
- A phase I, first-in-human study investigating the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of the maturation inhibitor GSK3739937.Pharmacology research & perspectives · 2023Trial
- Phase IIa Proof-of-Concept Evaluation of the Antiviral Efficacy, Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of the Next-Generation Maturation Inhibitor GSK3640254.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2022Trial
- Resistance profile of the HIV-1 maturation inhibitor GSK3532795 in vitro and in a clinical study.PloS one · 2019Trial
- Trial
- Antiviral Activity, Safety, and Exposure-Response Relationships of GSK3532795, a Second-Generation Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Maturation Inhibitor, Administered as Monotherapy or in Combination With Atazanavir With or Without Ritonavir in a Phase 2a Randomized, Dose-Ranging, Controlled Trial (AI468002).Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2017Trial
- Non-linear mixed effects modeling of antiretroviral drug response after administration of lopinavir, atazanavir and efavirenz containing regimens to treatment-naïve HIV-1 infected patients.Journal of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics · 2011Trial
- Efficacy and safety of the HIV-1 maturation inhibitor GSK3640254 plus dolutegravir as a two-drug regimen in adults naive to antiretroviral therapy (DYNAMIC): 24-week results from a randomised phase 2b study.EClinicalMedicine · 2025Article
- Efficacy and safety of the HIV-1 maturation inhibitor GSK3640254 plus two NRTIs in adults naive to antiretroviral therapy (DOMINO): 24-week results from a randomised phase 2b study.EClinicalMedicine · 2025Article
- Molecular Diversity of Lupane Hybrids in Drug Design and Materials Science.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Selected Pentacyclic Triterpenoids and Their Derivatives as Biologically Active Compounds.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Betulinic Acid ω-Triphenylphosphonium Alkyl Esters: Antiproliferative Activities and In Silico Pharmacokinetic Profiles.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- The utility of integrating nanopore sequencing into routine HIV-1 drug resistance surveillance.Microbial genomics · 2025Review
- Invention of VH-937, a Potent HIV-1 Maturation Inhibitor with the Potential for Infrequent Oral Dosing in Humans.ACS medicinal chemistry letters · 2024Article
- Betulonic Acid Inhibits Type-2 Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Replication by Downregulating Cellular ATP Production.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Article
- Review
- A Review of FDA-Approved Anti-HIV-1 Drugs, Anti-Gag Compounds, and Potential Strategies for HIV-1 Eradication.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Therapeutic potential of natural products in inflammation: underlying molecular mechanisms, clinical outcomes, technological advances, and future perspectives.Inflammopharmacology · 2023Review
- Selected Plant Triterpenoids and Their Derivatives as Antiviral Agents.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Sub-stoichiometric Modulation of Viral Targets-Potent Antiviral Agents That Exploit Target Vulnerability.ACS medicinal chemistry letters · 2023Article
39 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Bevirimat [3-O-(3',3'-dimethylsuccinyl)betulinic acid] is the first in a new class of anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) drugs that inhibit viral maturation by specifically blocking cleavage of the Gag capsid (CA) precursor, CA-SP1, to mature CA protein, resulting in defective core condensation and release of immature noninfectious virions. Four cohorts of six HIV-infected adults, with CD4 counts of >200 and plasma viral loads of 5,000 to 250,000 transcripts/ml and not currently receiving antiretroviral therapy, were randomized to receive a single oral dose of placebo, 75, 150, or 250 mg of bevirimat. Thirty blood samples for drug concentrations and 20 HIV RNA measures were collected from each subject over a 20-day period. Candidate pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic models were fit to individual subjects by maximum likelihood followed by Bayesian estimation; model discrimination was by corrected Akaike's Information Criterion. The bevirimat pharmacokinetics was well described by an oral two-compartment linear model (r(2), 0.98), with a mean (percent coefficient of variation) half-life of 60.3 (13.6) h and apparent oral clearance of bevirimat from the plasma compartment of 0.17 (18) liters/h. HIV RNA was modeled as being produced in infected CD4 cells, with bevirimat inhibiting infection of new CD4 cells thru a Hill-type function (r(2), 0.87). Single oral doses of bevirimat were well tolerated and demonstrated a dose-dependent reduction in viral load. The average maximum reduction from baseline following the 150- and 250-mg doses was greater than 0.45 log(10), with individual patients having reductions of greater than 0.7 log(10). No bevirimat resistance mutations were detected during the course of the study.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.