ArticleVirology2007
HIV-1 integrates into resting CD4+ T cells even at low inoculums as demonstrated with an improved assay for HIV-1 integration.
Article in Virology, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 84 papers.
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Who cites it
84 citing papers in PubMed.
- GRL-142 binds to and impairs HIV-1 integrase nuclear localization signal and potently suppresses highly INSTI-resistant HIV-1 variants.Science advances · 2023Article
- Exposure to Secreted Bacterial Factors Promotes HIV-1 Replication in CD4Microbiology spectrum · 2023Article
- Validation of Promoters and Codon Optimization on CRISPR/Cas9-Engineered Jurkat Cells Stably Expressing αRep4E3 for Interfering with HIV-1 Replication.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Epigenetic Landscape of HIV-1 Infection in Primary Human Macrophage.Journal of virology · 2022Article
- Measuring Proviral HIV-1 DNA: Hurdles and Improvements to an Assay Monitoring Integration Events Utilising HumanLife (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Intragenic proviral elements support transcription of defective HIV-1 proviruses.PLoS pathogens · 2021Article
- Addressing an HIV cure in LMIC.Retrovirology · 2021Review
- A functional screen identifies transcriptional networks that regulate HIV-1 and HIV-2.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2021Article
- Factors that mold the nuclear landscape of HIV-1 integration.Nucleic acids research · 2021Review
- Human splice factors contribute to latent HIV infection in primary cell models and blood CD4+ T cells from ART-treated individuals.PLoS pathogens · 2020Article
- The Paradox of HIV Blood-Brain Barrier Penetrance and Antiretroviral Drug Delivery Deficiencies.Trends in neurosciences · 2020Review
- Next-Generation Sequencing in a Direct Model of HIV Infection Reveals Important Parallels to and Differences fromJournal of virology · 2020Article
- Measuring the Success of HIV-1 Cure Strategies.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2020Review
- Tyrosine Kinase Inhibition: a New Perspective in the Fight against HIV.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2019Review
- Sequential LASER ART and CRISPR Treatments Eliminate HIV-1 in a Subset of Infected Humanized Mice.Nature communications · 2019Article
- Membrane metalloprotease TRABD2A restricts HIV-1 progeny production in resting CD4Nature immunology · 2019Article
- Mechanisms of HIV-1 cell-to-cell transmission and the establishment of the latent reservoir.Virus research · 2019Review
- Strength of T cell signaling regulates HIV-1 replication and establishment of latency.PLoS pathogens · 2019Article
- Regulation of cyclin T1 during HIV replication and latency establishment in human memory CD4 T cells.Virology journal · 2019Article
- IL-21 Expands HIV-1-Specific CD8Journal of immunology research · 2019Article
24 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) establishes a latent reservoir early in infection that is resistant to the host immune response and treatment with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). The best understood of these reservoirs forms in resting CD4(+) T cells. While it remains unclear how reservoirs form, a popular model holds that the virus can only integrate in activated CD4(+) T cells. Contrary to this model, our previous results suggest that HIV-1 can integrate directly into the genomes of resting CD4(+) T cells. However, a limitation of our previous studies was that they were conducted at high viral inoculum and these conditions may lead to cellular activation or saturation of restriction factors. In the present study, we tested if our previous findings were an artifact of high inoculum. To do this, we enhanced the sensitivity of our integration assay by incorporating a repetitive sampling technique that allowed us to capture rare integration events that occur near an Alu repeat. The new technique represents a significant advance as it enabled us to measure integration accurately down to 1 provirus/well in 15,000 genomes--a 40-fold enhancement over our prior assay. Using this assay, we demonstrate that HIV can integrate into resting CD4(+) T cells in vitro even at low viral inoculum. These findings suggest there is no threshold number of virions required for HIV to integrate into resting CD4(+) T cells.
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