ReviewIUBMB life2007
Gene response elements, genetic polymorphisms and epigenetics influence the human dietary requirement for choline.
Review in IUBMB life, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 83 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Assessment of vitamin A, vitamin BEuropean journal of nutrition · 2025Trial
- Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial of choline supplementation in school-aged children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2016Trial
- Phosphatidylcholine supplementation in pregnant women consuming moderate-choline diets does not enhance infant cognitive function: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2012Trial
- Ischemic Stroke Increases Protein Expression of the Folate Receptor and One-carbon Enzymes in Brain Tissue From Male and Female Patients.Translational stroke research · 2026Article
- Choline and Its Companions: Inter-Related Roles of Choline and B Vitamins in Fetal Development and Offspring Health.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Choline in Adolescent Pregnancy: The Impact on Fetal Brain Development and Long-Term Cognitive Outcomes of Offspring.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Review
- Ischemic stroke increases levels of the folate receptor and one-carbon enzymes in male and female brain tissue.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- All Properties of Infertility Microbiome in a Review Article.Journal of clinical laboratory analysis · 2025Review
- Untargeted Metabolomics and Liquid Biopsy Investigation of Circulating Biomarkers in Soft Tissue Sarcoma.Cancers · 2025Article
- Faecal Microbiota transplantation affects liver DNA methylation in Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a multi-omics approach.Gut microbes · 2023Article
- Nutritional Genomics in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Choline metabolism and its implications in cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Review
- Maternal plasma choline and betaine in late pregnancy and child growth up to age 8 years in the KOALA Birth Cohort Study.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2021Article
- Nutrition, genetic variation and male fertility.Translational andrology and urology · 2021Review
- Transcriptomic Changes Highly Similar to Alzheimer's Disease Are Observed in a Subpopulation of Individuals During Normal Brain Aging.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2021Article
- The Relationship between Choline Bioavailability from Diet, Intestinal Microbiota Composition, and Its Modulation of Human Diseases.Nutrients · 2020Review
- Article
- Metabolic, Epigenetic, and Transgenerational Effects of Gut Bacterial Choline Consumption.Cell host & microbe · 2017Article
- Choline and its metabolites are differently associated with cardiometabolic risk factors, history of cardiovascular disease, and MRI-documented cerebrovascular disease in older adults.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Recent progress in the understanding of the human dietary requirement for choline highlights the importance of genetic variation and epigenetics in human nutrient requirements. Choline is a major dietary source of methyl-groups (one of choline's metabolites, betaine, participates in the methylation of homocysteine to form methionine); also choline is needed for the biosynthesis of cell membranes, bioactive phospholipids and the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. A recommended dietary intake for choline in humans was set in 1998, and a portion of the choline requirement can be met via endogenous de novo synthesis of phosphatidylcholine catalyzed by phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PEMT) in the liver. Though many foods contain choline, many humans do not get enough in their diets. When deprived of dietary choline, most adult men and postmenopausal women developed signs of organ dysfunction (fatty liver, liver or muscle cell damage, and reduces the capacity to handle a methionine load, resulting in elevated homocysteine). However, only a portion of premenopausal women developed such problems. The difference in requirement occurs because estrogen induces expression of the PEMT gene and allows premenopausal women to make more of their needed choline endogenously. In addition, there is significant variation in the dietary requirement for choline that can be explained by common polymorphisms in genes of choline and folate metabolism. Choline is critical during fetal development, when it alters DNA methylation and thereby influences neural precursor cell proliferation and apoptosis. This results in long term alterations in brain structure and function, specifically memory function.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.