ArticleToxicology and applied pharmacology2007
Pulmonary effects of inhaled limonene ozone reaction products in elderly rats.
Article in Toxicology and applied pharmacology, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 58 citations in OpenAlex.
- Acute decreases in proteasome pathway activity after inhalation of fresh diesel exhaust or secondary organic aerosol.Environmental health perspectives · 2011Trial
- Fine and ultrafine particulate matter components and autism spectrum disorder (ASD).Environment international · 2026Article
- Gas-Phase and Surface-Initiated Reactions of Household Bleach and Terpene-Containing Cleaning Products Yield Chlorination and Oxidation Products Adsorbed onto Indoor Relevant Surfaces.Environmental science & technology · 2023Article
- Impact of Surfactant Protein-A Variants on Survival in Aged Mice in Response toMicroorganisms · 2020Article
- Culprit or correlate? An application of the Bradford Hill criteria to Vitamin E acetate.Archives of toxicology · 2020Review
- Investigation of the Dynamism of Nanosized SOA Particle Formation in Indoor Air by a Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer and Proton-Transfer-Reaction Mass Spectrometry.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- The toxicological analysis of secondary organic aerosol in human lung epithelial cells and macrophages.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2019Article
- Exposure to selected limonene oxidation products: 4-OPA, IPOH, 4-AMCH induces oxidative stress and inflammation in human lung epithelial cell lines.Chemosphere · 2018Article
- The effects of α-pinene versus toluene-derived secondary organic aerosol exposure on the expression of markers associated with vascular disease.Inhalation toxicology · 2013Article
- Age-related Dysregulation of Inflammation and Innate Immunity: Lessons Learned from Rodent Models.Aging and disease · 2011Article
- Aging and immune function: molecular mechanisms to interventions.Antioxidants & redox signaling · 2011Review
- Aging of the Innate Immune System: An Update.Current immunology reviews · 2011Article
- Pulmonary effects of inhaled diesel exhaust in young and old mice: a pilot project.Research report (Health Effects Institute) · 2010Article
- Pulmonary effects of inhaled diesel exhaust in aged mice.Toxicology and applied pharmacology · 2009Article
- Innate immunity and aging.Experimental gerontology · 2008Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
d-Limonene is an unsaturated volatile organic chemical found in cleaning products, air fresheners and soaps. It is oxidized by ozone to secondary organic aerosols consisting of aldehydes, acids, oxidants and fine and ultra fine particles. The lung irritant effects of these limonene ozone reaction products (LOP) were investigated. Female F344 rats (2- and 18-month-old) were exposed for 3 h to air or LOP formed by reacting 6 ppm d-limonene and 0.8 ppm ozone. BAL fluid, lung tissue and cells were analyzed 0 h and 20 h later. Inhalation of LOP increased TNF-alpha, cyclooxygenase-2, and superoxide dismutase in alveolar macrophages (AM) and Type II cells. Responses of older animals were attenuated when compared to younger animals. LOP also decreased p38 MAP kinase in AM from both younger and older animals. In contrast, while LOP increased p44/42 MAP kinase in AM from younger rats, expression decreased in AM and Type II cells from older animals. NF-kappaB and C/EBP activity also increased in AM from younger animals following LOP exposure but decreased or was unaffected in Type II cells. Whereas in younger animals LOP caused endothelial cell hypertrophy, perivascular and pleural edema and thickening of alveolar septal walls, in lungs from older animals, patchy accumulation of fluid within septal walls in alveolar sacs and subtle pleural edema were noted. LOP are pulmonary irritants inducing distinct inflammatory responses in younger and older animals. This may contribute to the differential sensitivity of these populations to pulmonary irritants.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.