ArticleJournal of virology2007
Epochal evolution of GGII.4 norovirus capsid proteins from 1995 to 2006.
Article in Journal of virology, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 188 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
188 citing papers in PubMed, 392 citations in OpenAlex.
- Serological Correlates of Protection against a GII.4 Norovirus.Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI · 2015Trial
- Broad blockade antibody responses in human volunteers after immunization with a multivalent norovirus VLP candidate vaccine: immunological analyses from a phase I clinical trial.PLoS medicine · 2015Trial
- Norovirus vaccine against experimental human Norwalk Virus illness.The New England journal of medicine · 2011Trial
- Variable and conserved B cell epitopes of GII.4 human noroviruses.Journal of virology · 2026Review
- Highly variable antigenic site located at the apex of GII.4 norovirus capsid protein induces cross-reactive blocking antibodies in a variant-specific manner.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Norovirus replication, host interactions and vaccine advances.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2025Review
- Conformational flexibility is a critical factor in designing broad-spectrum human norovirus protease inhibitors.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- A new wave of resurgence for GII.4 Sydney in Huzhou, particularly GII.4 Sydney[P16], between 2019 and 2023.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Virus-like Particles Produced in Plants: A Promising Platform for Recombinant Vaccine Development.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Molecular Characterization of Noroviruses Causing Acute Gastroenteritis Outbreaks among US Military Recruits, 2013-2023.Emerging infectious diseases · 2024Article
- CONFORMATIONAL FLEXIBILITY IS A CRITICAL FACTOR IN DESIGNING BROAD-SPECTRUM HUMAN NOROVIRUS PROTEASE INHIBITORS.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- INTRA- AND INTER-HOST EVOLUTION OF HUMAN NOROVIRUS IN HEALTHY ADULTS.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Viruses in Wastewater-A Concern for Public Health and the Environment.Microorganisms · 2024Review
- Noroviruses: Evolutionary Dynamics, Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, and Vaccine Advances-A Comprehensive Review.Vaccines · 2024Review
- Biological Specimen Banking as a Time Capsule to Explore the Temporal Dynamics of Norovirus Epidemiology.Viruses · 2023Article
- A single nanobody neutralizes multiple epochally evolving human noroviruses by modulating capsid plasticity.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Epidemiology and genetic diversity of norovirus GII genogroups among children in Hubei, China, 2017-2019.Virologica Sinica · 2023Article
- Emergent variant modeling of the serological repertoire to norovirus in young children.Cell reports. Medicine · 2023Article
- Minimal Antigenic Evolution after a Decade of Norovirus GII.4 Sydney_2012 Circulation in Humans.Journal of virology · 2023Article
- An increase in prevalence of recombinant GII.3[P12] norovirus in sporadic acute diarrhea in children in Nizhny Novgorod, Russia, 2018-2021.Virus genes · 2022Article
128 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Noroviruses are the causative agents of the majority of viral gastroenteritis outbreaks in humans. During the past 15 years, noroviruses of genotype GGII.4 have caused four epidemic seasons of viral gastroenteritis, during which four novel variants (termed epidemic variants) emerged and displaced the resident viruses. In order to understand the mechanisms and biological advantages of these epidemic variants, we studied the genetic changes in the capsid proteins of GGII.4 strains over this period. A representative sample was drawn from 574 GGII.4 outbreak strains collected over 15 years of systematic surveillance in The Netherlands, and capsid genes were sequenced for a total of 26 strains. The three-dimensional structure was predicted by homology modeling, using the Norwalk virus (Hu/NoV/GGI.1/Norwalk/1968/US) capsid as a reference. The highly significant preferential accumulation and fixation of mutations (nucleotide and amino acid) in the protruding part of the capsid protein provided strong evidence for the occurrence of genetic drift and selection. Although subsequent new epidemic variants differed by up to 25 amino acid mutations, consistent changes were observed in only five positions. Phylogenetic analyses showed that each variant descended from its chronologic predecessor, with the exception of the 2006b variant, which is more closely related to the 2002 variant than to the 2004 variant. The consistent association between the observed genetic findings and changes in epidemiology leads to the conclusion that population immunity plays a role in the epochal evolution of GGII.4 norovirus strains.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.