ReviewProceedings of the American Thoracic Society2007
Antiinfective applications of toll-like receptor 9 agonists.
Review in Proceedings of the American Thoracic Society, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed.
- Review
- Nanomedicine for Cancer and Autoimmune Immunotherapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Review
- Targeting FANCM by antisense oligonucleotides in ALT-positive cancers.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2025Article
- Evolution of antisense oligonucleotides: navigating nucleic acid chemistry and delivery challenges.Expert opinion on drug discovery · 2025Review
- Lipid Nanovesicles in Cancer Treatment: Improving Targeting and Stability of Antisense Oligonucleotides.Drug design, development and therapy · 2025Review
- Recent advances in gene delivery nanoplatforms based on spherical nucleic acids.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2024Review
- Review
- Application of toll-like receptors (TLRs) and their agonists in cancer vaccines and immunotherapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Nanocarriers for effective delivery: modulation of innate immunity for the management of infections and the associated complications.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2022Review
- Towards Personalized Allele-Specific Antisense Oligonucleotide Therapies for Toxic Gain-of-Function Neurodegenerative Diseases.Pharmaceutics · 2022Review
- Antitumor effects of iPSC-based cancer vaccine in pancreatic cancer.Stem cell reports · 2021Article
- Delivery of oligonucleotide-based therapeutics: challenges and opportunities.EMBO molecular medicine · 2021Review
- Antisense Oligonucleotides: An Emerging Area in Drug Discovery and Development.Journal of clinical medicine · 2020Review
- TLR9 Polymorphisms Might Contribute to the Ethnicity Bias for EBV-Infected Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma.iScience · 2020Article
- Virus-like particles (VLP) in prophylaxis and immunotherapy of allergic diseases.Allergo journal international · 2018Review
- Rigging Innate Immunity against the Flu.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2017Article
- The Immunomodulatory Role of Adjuvants in Vaccines Formulated with the Recombinant Antigens Ov-103 and Ov-RAL-2 against Onchocerca volvulus in Mice.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2016Article
- Effect of Mucosal Cytokine Administration on Selective Expansion of Vaginal Dendritic Cells to Support Nanoparticle Transport.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2015Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
Abstract
The innate immune system detects pathogens by the presence of highly conserved pathogen-expressed molecules, which trigger host immune defenses. Toll-like receptor (TLR) 9 detects unmethylated CpG dinucleotides in bacterial or viral DNA, and can be stimulated for therapeutic applications with synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides containing immune stimulatory "CpG motifs." TLR9 activation induces both innate and adaptive immunity. The TLR9-induced innate immune activation can be applied in the prevention or treatment of infectious diseases, and the adaptive immune-enhancing effects can be harnessed for improving vaccines. This article highlights the current understanding of the mechanism of action of CpG oligodeoxynucleotides, and provides an overview of the preclinical data and early human clinical trial results, applying these TLR9 agonists in the field of infectious diseases.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.