ArticleUltrasound in medicine & biology2007
Influence of the cell wall on intracellular delivery to algal cells by electroporation and sonication.
Article in Ultrasound in medicine & biology, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 114 citations in OpenAlex.
- Integrative framework for selecting gene delivery technologies in microalgae for synthetic biology.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Genetic engineering in diatoms: advances and prospects.The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology · 2025Review
- The need for smart microalgal bioprospecting.Natural products and bioprospecting · 2025Review
- Maintaining sidedness and fluidity in cell membrane coatings supported on nano-particulate and planar surfaces.Bioactive materials · 2024Review
- Sustainable Production of Pigments from Cyanobacteria.Advances in biochemical engineering/biotechnology · 2023Article
- Method Development Progress in Genetic Engineering of Thraustochytrids.Marine drugs · 2021Review
- Review
- Reduced cytotoxicity of polyethyleneimine by covalent modification of antioxidant and its application to microalgal transformation.Science and technology of advanced materials · 2021Article
- Advantage of Nanotechnology-Based Genome Editing System and Its Application in Crop Improvement.Frontiers in plant science · 2021Review
- Development of a pVEC peptide-based ribonucleoprotein (RNP) delivery system for genome editing using CRISPR/Cas9 in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Rapid Delivery of Gold Nanoparticles into Colon Cancer HT-29 Cells by Electroporation: In-vitro Study.Journal of biomedical physics & engineering · 2020Article
- A method using electroporation for the protein delivery of Cre recombinase into cultured Arabidopsis cells with an intact cell wall.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Nanoparticle-Mediated Delivery towards Advancing Plant Genetic Engineering.Trends in biotechnology · 2018Review
- Robust Microplate-Based Methods for Culturing andFrontiers in plant science · 2018Article
- Mild and Selective Protein Release of Cell Wall Deficient Microalgae with Pulsed Electric Field.ACS sustainable chemistry & engineering · 2017Article
- A novel electroporation system for efficient molecular delivery into Chlamydomonas reinhardtii with a 3-dimensional microelectrode.Scientific reports · 2015Article
- The use of fluorescent Nile red and BODIPY for lipid measurement in microalgae.Biotechnology for biofuels · 2015Article
- Harmful algae records in Venice lagoon and in Po River Delta (northern Adriatic Sea, Italy).TheScientificWorldJournal · 2014Article
- Article
- A molecular method for the delivery of small molecules and proteins across the cell wall of algae using molecular transporters.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
To assess the cell wall's role as a barrier to intracellular delivery, wild-type Chlamydomonas reinhardtii algal cells and mutant cells lacking a cell wall were exposed to electroporation or sonication. Flow cytometry determined intracellular uptake of calcein and bovine serum albumin (BSA) and loss of cell viability as functions of electroporation transmembrane potential and acoustic energy. Electroporation of wild-type cells increased calcein uptake with increasing transmembrane potential, but delivered much less BSA. Electroporation of wall-deficient cells had similar effects on calcein uptake, but increased BSA uptake as much as 7.5-fold relative to wild-type cells, which indicated that the cell wall was a significant barrier to BSA delivery during electroporation. Sonication of wild-type cells caused calcein and BSA uptake at similar levels. This suggests that the cell wall barrier to BSA delivery can be overcome by sonication. Increased electroporation transmembrane potential or acoustic energy also caused increased loss of cell viability, where wall-deficient cells were especially susceptible to lysis. Overall, we believe this is the first study to compare directly the effects of electroporation and sonication in any cell type. Specifically, these findings suggest that electroporation primarily transports molecules across the plasma membrane because its mechanism is specific to lipid bilayer disruption, whereas sonication transports molecules across both the plasma membrane and cell wall, because it nonspecifically disrupts cell-surface barriers.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.