ArticleEukaryotic cell2007
Capsule structural heterogeneity and antigenic variation in Cryptococcus neoformans.
Article in Eukaryotic cell, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 72 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
72 citing papers in PubMed, 102 citations in OpenAlex.
- Molecular Architecture ofbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Pathogen Evasion of Humoral Innate Immunity: Coping with C-Reactive Protein and Serum Amyloid A.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- The structural language of fungal cell wall sugars in WHO priority fungi: the determinant of pathogenicity and the gateway to new therapies.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
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- A Cryptococcus neoformans polysaccharide conjugate vaccine made with filtered polysaccharide elicits protective immunity in mice.Fungal biology · 2025Article
- The Hidden Fortress: A Comprehensive Review of Fungal Biofilms with Emphasis onJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
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- Semisynthetic Glycoconjugate Vaccine Candidates againstACS infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Immunoglobulin constant regions provide stabilization to the paratope and enforce epitope specificity.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2024Article
- The structure of aProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Neutron Scattering Analysis ofBiomacromolecules · 2024Article
- Semi-synthetic glycoconjugate vaccine candidate againstbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Neutron Scattering Analysis ofbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Microglia are not protective against cryptococcal meningitis.Nature communications · 2023Article
- The structure of abioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- The Cryptococcus gattii species complex: Unique pathogenic yeasts with understudied virulence mechanisms.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2022Review
- Cryptococcus spp. and Cryptococcosis: focusing on the infection in Brazil.Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology] · 2022Review
- Phenotypic Plasticity in the Productions of Virulence Factors Within and Among Serotypes in the Cryptococcus neoformans Species Complex.Mycopathologia · 2022Article
- Cryptococcal chest wall mass and rib osteomyelitis associated with the use of fingolimod: A case report and literature review.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Article
12 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Cryptococcus neoformans is a human pathogenic fungus with a capsule composed primarily of glucuronoxylomannan (GXM) that is important for virulence. Current views of GXM structure postulate a polymer composed of repeating mannose trisaccharide motifs bearing a single beta(1,2) glucuronic acid with variable xylose and O-acetyl substitutions to form six triads. GXM from different strains is notoriously variable in triad composition, but it is not known if the polymer consists of one or more motif-repeating units. We investigated the polymeric organization of GXM by using mass spectrometry to determine if its compositional motif arrangement was similar to that of bacterial capsular polysaccharides, namely, a polymer of a single repeating unit. The results were consistent with, and confirmatory for, the current view that the basic unit of GXM is a repeating mannose trisaccharide motif, but we also found evidence for the copolymerization of different GXM repeating units in one polysaccharide molecule. Analysis of GXM from isogenic phenotypic switch variants suggested structural differences caused by glucuronic acid positional effects, which implied flexibility in the synthetic pathway. Our results suggest that cryptococcal capsule synthesis is fundamentally different from that observed in prokaryotes and employs a unique eukaryotic approach, which theoretically could synthesize an infinite number of structural combinations. The biological significance of this capsule construction scheme is that it is likely to confer a powerful avoidance strategy for interactions with the immune system and phagocytic environmental predators. Consistent with this premise, the antigenic variation of a capsular epitope recognized by a nonprotective antibody was observed under different growth conditions.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.