ArticleJournal of virology2007
Human cytomegalovirus gene expression is silenced by Daxx-mediated intrinsic immune defense in model latent infections established in vitro.
Article in Journal of virology, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 112 papers.
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Who cites it
112 citing papers in PubMed, 141 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sensing the storm: how inflammatory signalling drives reactivation of the human cytomegalovirus major immediate-early promoter.The Journal of general virology · 2026Review
- Review
- Viral entry shapes HCMV latency establishment.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Sp140L functions as a herpesvirus restriction factor suppressing viral transcription and activating interferon-stimulated genes.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Daxx and HIRA go viral - How chromatin remodeling complexes affect DNA virus infection.Tumour virus research · 2025Review
- The Pentamer glycoprotein complex inhibits viral Immediate Early transcription during Human Cytomegalovirus infections.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- ATRX restricts Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) viral DNA replication through heterochromatinization and minimizes unpackaged viral genomes.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- Article
- Crystal structure of the tegument protein UL82 (pp71) from human cytomegalovirus.Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society · 2024Article
- NFκB and Cyclic AMP Response Element Sites Mediate the Valproic Acid and UL138 Responsiveness of the Human Cytomegalovirus Major Immediate Early Enhancer and Promoter.Journal of virology · 2023Article
- Human Cytomegalovirus Utilizes Multiple Viral Proteins to Regulate the Basement Membrane Protein Nidogen 1.Journal of virology · 2022Article
- Rescue of Pentamer-Null Strains of Human Cytomegalovirus in Epithelial Cells by Use of Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors Reveals an Additional Postentry Function for the Pentamer Complex.Journal of virology · 2022Article
- Temporal dynamics of HCMV gene expression in lytic and latent infections.Cell reports · 2022Article
- Modulation of host cell signaling during cytomegalovirus latency and reactivation.Virology journal · 2021Review
- Epigenetic reprogramming of host and viral genes by Human Cytomegalovirus infection in Kasumi-3 myeloid progenitor cells at early times post-infection.Journal of virology · 2021Article
- Regulation of the MIE Locus During HCMV Latency and Reactivation.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Protein S-Nitrosylation of Human Cytomegalovirus pp71 Inhibits Its Ability To Limit STING Antiviral Responses.Journal of virology · 2020Article
- Herpesvirus latency.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2020Review
- Where do we Stand after Decades of Studying Human Cytomegalovirus?Microorganisms · 2020Review
- Human Cytomegalovirus Decreases Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II by Regulating Class II Transactivator Transcript Levels in a Myeloid Cell Line.Journal of virology · 2020Article
52 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In addition to productive lytic infections, herpesviruses such as human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) establish a reservoir of latently infected cells that permit lifelong colonization of the host. When latency is established, the viral immediate-early (IE) genes that initiate the lytic replication cycle are not expressed. HCMV IE gene expression at the start of a lytic infection is facilitated by the viral pp71 protein, which is delivered to cells by infectious viral particles. pp71 neutralizes the Daxx-mediated cellular intrinsic immune defense that silences IE gene expression by generating a repressive chromatin structure on the viral major IE promoter (MIEP). In naturally latently infected cells and in cells latently infected in vitro, the MIEP also adopts a similar silenced chromatin structure. Here we analyze the role of Daxx in quiescent HCMV infections in vitro that mimic some, but not all, of the characteristics of natural latency. We show that in these "latent-like" infections, the Daxx-mediated defense that represses viral gene expression is not disabled because pp71 and Daxx localize to different cellular compartments. We demonstrate that Daxx is required to establish quiescent HCMV infections in vitro because in cells that would normally foster the establishment of these latent-like infections, the loss of Daxx causes the lytic replication cycle to be initiated. Importantly, the lytic cycle is inefficiently completed, which results in an abortive infection. Our work demonstrates that, in certain cell types, HCMV must silence its own gene expression to establish quiescence and prevent abortive infection and that the virus usurps a Daxx-mediated cellular intrinsic immune defense mechanism to do so. This identifies Daxx as one of the likely multiple viral and cellular determinants in the pathway of HCMV quiescence in vitro, and perhaps in natural latent infections as well.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.