ReviewDiabetologia2007
Insulin resistance and the metabolic syndrome--or the pitfalls of epidemiology.
Review in Diabetologia, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 75 citations in OpenAlex.
- Capturing metabolic syndrome: new thresholds for insulin resistance and novel body composition indices.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2026Article
- Exosomal miR-375-3p as a mediator of pancreas-liver crosstalk in impaired hepatic glycogenesis.World journal of diabetes · 2026Article
- Unraveling Metabolic Syndrome in Youth: The Obesity Epidemic's Hidden Complication.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Changes of Serum Adiponectin and Glycated Albumin Levels in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Patients and Their Relationship with Insulin Resistance.Iranian journal of public health · 2020Article
- Anti-Metabolic Syndrome Effects of Fucoidan fromMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Article
- Impaired peripheral insulin sensitivity in non-obese Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and fatty liver.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2017Article
- Role of sleep quality in the metabolic syndrome.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2016Review
- Correlation between advanced glycation end-products and the expression of fatty inflammatory factors in type II diabetic cardiomyopathy.Bosnian journal of basic medical sciences · 2015Article
- Consumption of sugar sweetened beverage is associated with incidence of metabolic syndrome in Tehranian children and adolescents.Nutrition & metabolism · 2015Article
- Baseline levels, and changes over time in body mass index and fasting insulin, and their relationship to change in metabolic trait clustering.Metabolic syndrome and related disorders · 2014Article
- High sensitivity C-reactive protein concentrations, birthweight and cardiovascular risk markers in Brazilian children.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2013Article
- Psoriatic arthritis and diabetes: a population-based cross-sectional study.Dermatology research and practice · 2013Article
- Pentamethylquercetin generates beneficial effects in monosodium glutamate-induced obese mice and C2C12 myotubes by activating AMP-activated protein kinase.Diabetologia · 2012Article
- Childhood metabolic syndrome: must we define it to deal with it?Diabetes care · 2011Article
- Assessment of insulin resistance by a 13C glucose breath test: a new tool for early diagnosis and follow-up of high-risk patients.Nutrition journal · 2010Article
- Metabolic syndrome: perception or reality?Current atherosclerosis reports · 2009Review
- Iron behaving badly: inappropriate iron chelation as a major contributor to the aetiology of vascular and other progressive inflammatory and degenerative diseases.BMC medical genomics · 2009Article
- Impaired microvascular perfusion: a consequence of vascular dysfunction and a potential cause of insulin resistance in muscle.American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism · 2008 · on this mapReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The clustering of dyslipidaemia, hypertension and glucose intolerance, predominantly in overweight individuals, has been ascribed many names, including syndrome X and the metabolic syndrome. In Reaven's original description of syndrome X, a central aetiological role was attributed to insulin resistance, and this assumption has remained as the dominant paradigm for the metabolic syndrome. There are a number of conceptual problems in such a model, particularly those arising from observations that several novel markers, including measures of endothelial dysfunction and of low-grade inflammation, are as closely related to insulin resistance as are the classic components of the syndrome. Because it is difficult to envisage how these traits might develop as a consequence of insulin resistance, such observations indicate the need for a new paradigm to explain the mechanisms of association better. It has been proposed that a state of low-grade inflammation, consequent upon the production of adipocytokines, particularly from truncal fat, explains the observed relationships between insulin resistance and endothelial dysfunction better than does a model revolving around insulin resistance. Furthermore, the inflammatory cytokines generated from adipose tissue may influence vessel endothelial function without elevations in circulating concentrations. This review alludes to several problems inherent in the epidemiological method in understanding disease mechanisms. These include crude biological measures, the use of venous systemic fasting samples, imprecision of assays, naive physiological models, simplistic statistical approaches and, without clinical trials, an inability to test causation. Integrated systems biology needs more complex approaches to investigate disease mechanisms, involving cell, organ, whole organism and population studies.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.