ArticlePlacenta2007
Cell type-specific expression and function of toll-like receptors 2 and 4 in human placenta: implications in fetal infection.
Article in Placenta, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 90 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sex-specific outcomes following chorioamnionitis.Pediatric research · 2026Review
- Sex chromosome genes contribute to cocaine vulnerability in a strain-dependent manner.Research square · 2026Article
- The multifactorial role of HDAC9 at the maternal-fetal interface in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia.Clinical science (London, England : 1979) · 2025Review
- Placenta - A Competent, But Not Infallible, Antiviral and Antiparasitic Barrier.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2025Review
- Placental cell type deconvolution reveals that cell proportions drive preeclampsia gene expression differences.Communications biology · 2023Article
- Genetic Polymorphisms in MicroRNA-196a2 and the Risk of Human Abortion Related to Mycoplasma hominis.Current microbiology · 2022Article
- The Immunology of Syncytialized Trophoblast.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Role of galectin-glycan circuits in reproduction: from healthy pregnancy to preterm birth (PTB).Seminars in immunopathology · 2020Review
- Innate Immune Mechanisms to Protect Against Infection at the Human Decidual-Placental Interface.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- Review
- Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus Infection Demonstrates Higher Replicative Capacity and Decreased Antiviral Response in the First-Trimester Placenta.Journal of immunology research · 2019Article
- The roles of the TLR/NF‑κB signaling pathway in the mutual interactions between the lung and the large intestine.Molecular medicine reports · 2018Article
- Microbial Vertical Transmission during Human Pregnancy.Cell host & microbe · 2017Review
- Placental origins of adverse pregnancy outcomes: potential molecular targets: an Executive Workshop Summary of the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development.American journal of obstetrics and gynecology · 2016Article
- Effects of Lipopolysaccharide on Human First Trimester Villous Cytotrophoblast Cell Function In Vitro.Biology of reproduction · 2016Article
- Article
- Toll-Like Receptors: A Key Marker for Periodontal Disease and Preterm Birth - A Contemporary Review.Journal of clinical and diagnostic research : JCDR · 2015Review
- Vitamin C supplementation ameliorates the adverse effects of nicotine on placental hemodynamics and histology in nonhuman primates.American journal of obstetrics and gynecology · 2015Article
- Do the placental barrier, parasite genotype and Toll-like receptor polymorphisms contribute to the course of primary infection with various Toxoplasma gondii genotypes in pregnant women?European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2014Review
- Viral infection, inflammation and schizophrenia.Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry · 2013Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Placental infection is associated with adverse fetal outcomes. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are critical regulators of the innate immune response based on their ability to recognize and respond to pathogen-associated molecular patterns expressed by microbes. To date, cell-type specific expression and regulation of TLR function in human term placenta remains largely unelucidated. The goal of the current study was to examine the in vivo and in vitro patterns of TLR expression and function in major cell types of term placenta. Immunohistochemical analysis of terminal and stem villi localized TLR-2, which recognizes peptidoglycan (PG) from Gram-positive bacteria, to endothelial cells and macrophages, and to a lesser extent to syncytiotrophoblast (SCTs) and fibroblasts (FIBs). Staining for TLR-4, the receptor for Gram-negative bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), was most prominent in SCTs and endothelial cells. Results from Western blotting, conventional, and quantitative PCR (qRTPCR) analyses using protein and mRNA isolated from cultures of SCTs and myofibroblasts (mFIBs) revealed that SCTs expressed TLR-2 and TLR-4, whereas mFIBs expressed only TLR-4. In addition, qRTPCR showed that LPS treatment increased TLR-2 expression in SCTs, indicating that infection with Gram-negative bacteria may enhance innate immune responses in placenta toward a broad range of microorganisms. In addition, treatment with LPS increased IL-8 levels in both SCTs and mFIBs, whereas PG treatment only stimulated IL-8 levels in SCTs. Our results indicate that there exist cell type-specific patterns of TLR function in placenta which likely regulate innate immune response at the maternal-fetal interface.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.