Evidence map›Paper›PMID 17576758›Full record

ArticleInfection and immunity2007

Identification and characterization of small molecules that inhibit intracellular toxin transport.

Jose B Saenz, Teresa A Doggett, David B Haslam

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Infection and immunity, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
42citing papers in PubMed
2.5field-weighted citation impact, top 10% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

42 citing papers in PubMed, 83 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  8. The EMBO journal · 2018
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  20. Selective inhibitor of endosomal trafficking pathways exploited by multiple toxins and viruses.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2013
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Jose B SaenzDepartment of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Teresa A Doggett
David B Haslam
Washington University in St. Louis · US

Funding

Virology and Smallpox VaccinationsU54AI057160 · NIAID · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI RAY, RANJIT · 2003 to 2013
$80.9M
Role of ER-Localized Chaperones in Toxin PathogenesisR01AI047900 · NIAID · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI HASLAM, DAVID B. · 2002 to 2006
$856k
A Small Molecule Approach Toward Understanding Bacterial Toxin TransportF31AI078716 · NIAID · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI SAENZ, JOSE BERNARDO · 2009 to 2010
$56k
A SCREEN FOR SMALL MOLECULE INHIBITORS OF SHIGA TOXIN AND RICIN ACTIVITYR03MH084834 · NIMH · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI HASLAM, DAVID B. · 2008 to 2009
$33k
A Screen for Small Molecule Compounds that Inhibit Bacterial ToxinsR03MH081267 · NIMH · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI HASLAM, DAVID B. · 2007 to 2008
$25k
NIAID NIH HHS F31 AI078716NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI047900NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI47900NIAID NIH HHS U54 AI057160NIMH NIH HHS R03 MH081267NIMH NIH HHS R03 MH084834
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Shiga toxin (Stx), cholera toxin (Ctx), and the plant toxin ricin are among several toxins that reach their intracellular destinations via a complex route. Following endocytosis, these toxins travel in a retrograde direction through the endosomal system to the trans-Golgi network, Golgi apparatus, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER). There the toxins are transported across the ER membrane to the cytosol, where they carry out their toxic effects. Transport via the ER from the cell surface to the cytosol is apparently unique to pathogenic toxins, raising the possibility that various stages in the transport pathway can be therapeutically targeted. We have applied a luciferase-based high-throughput screen to a chemical library of small-molecule compounds in order to identify inhibitors of Stx. We report two novel compounds that protect against Stx and ricin inhibition of protein synthesis, and we demonstrate that these compounds reversibly inhibit bacterial transport at various stages in the endocytic pathway. One compound (compound 75) inhibited transport at an early stage of Stx and Ctx transport and also provided protection against diphtheria toxin, which enters the cytosol from early endosomes. In contrast, compound 134 inhibited transport from recycling endosomes through the Golgi apparatus and protected only against toxins that access the ER. Small-molecule compounds such as these will provide insight into the mechanism of toxin transport and lead to the identification of compounds with therapeutic potential against toxins routed through the ER.

Indexed as

AnimalsBiological Transport, ActiveBrefeldin AChlorocebus aethiopsIntracellular FluidLeupeptinsMorpholinesProtein Synthesis InhibitorsRicinShiga ToxinVero Cellsbenzyloxycarbonylleucyl-leucyl-leucine aldehydeBrefeldin ALeupeptinsMorpholinesProtein Synthesis InhibitorsRicinRV 538Shiga Toxin

Identifiers

PMID17576758
PMCPMC1951202
OpenAlexW2159266800

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.