ArticleThe American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene2007
17Beta-estradiol increases Leishmania mexicana killing in macrophages from DBA/2 mice by enhancing production of nitric oxide but not pro-inflammatory cytokines.
Article in The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sex differences in immune modulation: implications for infection, inflammation, and nutritional supplementation.Biology of sex differences · 2026Review
- Sex in Immune Cells and Parasitic Diseases - A Complex Relationship.Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- Transcriptome profiling of L. infantum-infected human macrophages reveals sex-specific type I interferon induction.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Understanding Sex-biases in Kinetoplastid Infections: Leishmaniasis and Trypanosomiasis.Expert reviews in molecular medicine · 2025Review
- The Parasitemia has Contributed to the Severity of Cases of Visceral Leishmaniasis.Indian journal of microbiology · 2024Article
- Sexual dimorphism in skin immunity is mediated by an androgen-ILC2-dendritic cell axis.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2024Article
- Article
- Male predominance in reported Visceral Leishmaniasis cases: Nature or nurture? A comparison of population-based with health facility-reported data.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2020Article
- Exploring immunomodulation by endocrine changes in Lady Windermere syndrome.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2019Review
- Sex-Related Differences in Immune Response and Symptomatic Manifestations to Infection withJournal of immunology research · 2019Review
- In situ immunopathological changes in cutaneous leishmaniasis due to Leishmania donovani.Parasite immunology · 2017Article
- A Novel Sterol Isolated from a Plant Used by Mayan Traditional Healers Is Effective in Treatment of Visceral Leishmaniasis Caused by Leishmania donovani.ACS infectious diseases · 2015Article
- Sex differences in immune responses to infectious diseases.Infection · 2015Review
- Pentalinon andrieuxii root extract is effective in the topical treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania mexicana.Phytotherapy research : PTR · 2014Article
- Sterols with antileishmanial activity isolated from the roots of Pentalinon andrieuxii.Phytochemistry · 2012Article
- Progesterone induces mucosal immunity in a rodent model of human taeniosis by Taenia solium.International journal of biological sciences · 2011Article
- Sex hormones and modulation of immunity against leishmaniasis.Neuroimmunomodulation · 2009Review
- Immunoregulation of fetal and anti-paternal immune responses.Immunologic research · 2008Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
We have previously shown that female DBA/2 mice are significantly more resistant to Leishmania mexicana compared with males. Here, we have analyzed the effect of 17beta-estradiol (E(2)) on function and cytokine production in male and female DBA/2 macrophages in vitro. We show that E(2) increases NO production and parasite killing in L. mexicana-infected male and female DBA/2 macrophages without increasing production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. These data indicate that E(2) may enhance leishmanicidal activity in macrophages by directly regulating production of NO.
Indexed as
Identifiers
17556622PMC4111639W2167562434What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.