ReviewEuropean journal of pediatrics2007
Fungal infections in primary immunodeficiencies.
Review in European journal of pediatrics, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 72 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
72 citing papers in PubMed, 179 citations in OpenAlex.
- Safety, Efficacy, and Exposure-Response of Voriconazole in Pediatric Patients With Invasive Aspergillosis, Invasive Candidiasis or Esophageal Candidiasis.The Pediatric infectious disease journal · 2017Trial
- Natural Product-Inspired Antifungal Drugs Introduced for Human Use from 1872 to August 2026.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Central Nervous System Aspergillosis: Advances in Diagnosis, Therapeutics, and Multidisciplinary Management (2026 Update).Mycoses · 2026Review
- Evaluation of intestinal fungal and parasitic infection in iranian primary immunodeficiency patients.Molecular biology reports · 2026Article
- Cutaneous Manifestations of Inborn Errors of Immunity: Clinical Clues to Immune Disorders.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Review
- Abundant Yet Aberrant T Helper Cell Responses to Candida albicans Underlie Mucosal Candidiasis in Humans and Mice.European journal of immunology · 2025Article
- Evaluation of Inborn Errors of Immunity Among Patients with Opportunistic Pulmonary Infection.Clinics in chest medicine · 2025Review
- Four-month-old infant with chronic granulomatous disease and invasive aspergillosis with bone involvementBiomedica : revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud · 2024Article
- Guidelines for Antibiotics Prescription in Critically Ill Patients.Indian journal of critical care medicine : peer-reviewed, official publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine · 2024Article
- Scedosporiosis and lomentosporiosis: modern perspectives on these difficult-to-treat rare mold infections.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2024Review
- Differential Diagnosis: Hepatic Complications in Inborn Errors of Immunity.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Shared and unique antibody and B cell profiles in HIV-positive and HIV-negative individuals with cryptococcal meningoencephalitis.Medical mycology · 2023Article
- Severe Combined Immunodeficiency-Classification, Microbiology Association and Treatment.Microorganisms · 2023Review
- Autoimmune versus Non-autoimmune Cutaneous Features in Monogenic Patients with Inborn Errors of Immunity.Biology · 2023Article
- Infections in Inborn Errors of Immunity with Combined Immune Deficiency: A Review.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Non-Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Application of anti-fungal vaccines as a tool against emerging anti-fungal resistance.Frontiers in fungal biology · 2023Review
- Osteoarticular Mycoses.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2022Review
- Uncommon presentations of common variable immunodeficiency.BMJ case reports · 2022Article
- CYP2C19 Phenotype and Body Weight-Guided Voriconazole Initial Dose in Infants and Children after Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2021Article
12 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Patients with phagocytic, cellular, combined and other primary immunodeficiencies exhibit immune deficits that confer increased susceptibility to fungal infections. A number of yeasts and moulds, most commonly Candida and Aspergillus but also Cryptococcus, Histoplasma, Paecilomyces, Scedosporium, Trichosporon, Penicillium and other, rarely isolated, fungal organisms, have been variably implicated in causing disease in patients with chronic granulomatous disease, severe combined immunodeficiency, chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis, hyper-IgE syndrome, myeloperoxidase deficiency, leukocyte adhesion deficiency, defects in the interferon-gamma/interleukin-12 axis, DiGeorge syndrome, X-linked hyper-IgM syndrome, Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome and common variable immunodeficiency. Differences in the spectrum of fungal pathogens as well as in the incidence and clinical presentation of the infections may be observed among patients, depending upon different immune disorders. Fungal infections in these individuals may occasionally be the presenting clinical manifestation of a primary immunodeficiency and can cause significant morbidity and potentially fatal outcome if misdiagnosed or mistreated. A high degree of suspicion is needed and establishment of diagnosis should actively be pursued using appropriate imaging, mycological and histological studies. A number of antifungal agents introduced over the last fifteen years, such as the lipid formulations of amphotericin B, the second-generation triazoles, and the echinocandins, increase the options for medical management of these infections. Surgery may also be needed in some cases, while the role of adjunctive immunotherapy has not been systematically evaluated. The low incidence of primary immunodeficiencies in the general population complicates single-center prospective or retrospective clinical studies aiming to address diagnostic or therapeutic issues pertaining to fungal infections in these patients.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.