Trial reportThe American journal of cardiology2007
Factors influencing blood pressure response to trandolapril add-on therapy in patients taking verapamil SR (from the International Verapamil SR/Trandolapril [INVEST] Study).
Trial report in The American journal of cardiology, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00133692 (INternational VErapamil SR Trandolapril STudy), which is not on this map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
INternational VErapamil SR Trandolapril STudy
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Do genetic variants of the Renin-Angiotensin system predict blood pressure response to Renin-Angiotensin system-blocking drugs?: a systematic review of pharmacogenomics in the Renin-Angiotensin system.Current hypertension reports · 2011Pooled it
- Impact of carboxylesterase 1 genetic polymorphism on trandolapril activation in human liver and the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in healthy volunteers.Clinical and translational science · 2021Trial
- Genetic Variants Associated With Uncontrolled Blood Pressure on Thiazide Diuretic/β-Blocker Combination Therapy in the PEAR (Pharmacogenomic Evaluation of Antihypertensive Responses) and INVEST (International Verapamil-SR Trandolapril Study) Trials.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2017Trial
- Mechanisms of Vascular Smooth Muscle Contraction and the Basis for Pharmacologic Treatment of Smooth Muscle Disorders.Pharmacological reviews · 2016Review
- Understanding the Importance of Race/Ethnicity in the Care of the Hypertensive Patient.Current hypertension reports · 2015Review
- Determinants of plasma renin activity: role of a human renin gene variant as a genetic factor.Medicine · 2014Article
- The Pharmacogenomics of Anti-Hypertensive Therapy.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2010Review
- INVEST revisited: review of findings from the International Verapamil SR-Trandolapril Study.Expert review of cardiovascular therapy · 2009Article
- Antihypertensive medications: benefits of blood pressure lowering and hazards of metabolic effects.Expert review of cardiovascular therapy · 2009Review
- The role of baseline blood pressure in guiding treatment choice: a secondary analysis of the use of valsartan/hydrochlorothiazide as initial therapy in hypertensive adults in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.Clinical drug investigation · 2009Article
- Ethnic differences in cardiovascular drug response: potential contribution of pharmacogenetics.Circulation · 2008Review
- Two CES1 gene mutations lead to dysfunctional carboxylesterase 1 activity in man: clinical significance and molecular basis.American journal of human genetics · 2008Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Factors such as age and race/ethnicity might influence blood pressure (BP) response to drugs. Therapeutic response to the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor trandolapril used as add-on therapy to stable calcium channel blocker therapy with verapamil sustained release 240 mg was addressed in a racially/ethnically diverse group of 1,832 hypertensive patients with coronary artery disease. Furthermore, the association with a polymorphism (1166A-->C) in the angiotensin II type 1 receptor gene (AGTR1) was tested. BP response was compared between groups using analysis of covariance after adjustment for covariates associated with BP response. Genotyping was performed using polymerase chain reaction and pyrosequencing. Trandolapril decreased mean unadjusted systolic and diastolic BPs by -9.1 +/- 17.3 (SD) and -4.1 +/- 10.1 mm Hg, respectively. The percentage of patients with BP under control (<140/90 mm Hg) increased from 6.7% to 41.3% (p <0.0001). Adjusted BP response was significantly associated with age and baseline systolic and diastolic BP (p <0.0001). Whereas the decrease in systolic BP was more pronounced in younger patients, the opposite was observed for diastolic BP decrease. Diastolic BP response was also significantly associated with race. Specifically, the adjusted diastolic BP decrease was significantly smaller in Hispanics and blacks than whites (p = 0.0032 and p = 0.0069, respectively). However, Hispanics achieved a decrease in systolic BP and an increase in BP control similar to the other ethnic groups. There was no genetic association between AGTR1 1166A-->C genotype and BP response. In conclusion, trandolapril add-on therapy was effective in increasing BP control, with age and baseline BP associated with both systolic and diastolic BP response. Race was associated with diastolic BP response, although the difference is likely not to be clinically significant and AGTR1 genotype was not associated with BP response.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.