ArticleApplied and environmental microbiology2007
Carvacrol induces heat shock protein 60 and inhibits synthesis of flagellin in Escherichia coli O157:H7.
Article in Applied and environmental microbiology, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 75 papers.
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Who cites it
75 citing papers in PubMed, 266 citations in OpenAlex.
- From adhesion to gene regulation: tea tree essential oil suppresses Uropathogenic Escherichia coli colonization while triggering csgA-mediated biofilm stress paradox.Molecular biology reports · 2026Article
- Synergistic Inhibitory Effect and Mechanism of Action of Cinnamaldehyde-Carvacrol Nanoemulsion on the Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli Mixed Biofilms Formation.MicrobiologyOpen · 2026Article
- Plant Extracts Target Biofilms to Alleviate Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Animals.Veterinary sciences · 2026Review
- Essential Oils as Antimicrobial Agents Against WHO Priority Bacterial Pathogens: A Strategic Review of In Vitro Clinical Efficacy, Innovations and Research Gaps.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- In Vitro Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Activity of Eighteen Essential Oils Against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria in Two Different Growth Media.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Investigation of differential Multi-Mode antibacterial mechanisms of essential oils of Satureja montana L. and Leptospermum scoparium J.R.Forst. & G.Forst. Against Porphyromonas gingivalis.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2025Article
- Phytochemicals Controlling EnterohemorrhagicInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Natural Solutions to Antimicrobial Resistance: The Role of Essential Oils in Poultry Meat Preservation with Focus on Gram-Negative Bacteria.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Chemical Composition, Biological Activity, and Application ofFoods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Plant-Based Films and Hydrogels for Wound Healing.Microorganisms · 2024Review
- Drought-Adapted Mediterranean Diet Plants: A Source of Bioactive Molecules Able to Give Nutrigenomic Effects per sè or to Obtain Functional Foods.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Oregano Essential Oil and Purple Garlic Powder Effects on Intestinal Health, Microbiota Indicators and Antimicrobial Resistance as Feed Additives in Weaning Piglets.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
- Essential-Oils-Loaded Biopolymeric Nanoparticles as Strategies for Microbial and Biofilm Control: A Current Status.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Essential Oils: Chemistry and Pharmacological Activities.Biomolecules · 2023Review
- Savory, Oregano and Thyme Essential Oil Mixture (HerbELICOMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- In vitro evaluation of microencapsulated organic acids and pure botanicals as a supplement in lactating dairy cows diet on in vitro ruminal fermentation.Translational animal science · 2023Article
- Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Activity of Carvacrol against Oral Pathogenic Bacteria.Metabolites · 2022Article
- Review
- Antimicrobial potentials of natural products against multidrug resistance pathogens: a comprehensive review.RSC advances · 2022Review
- Effect ofHeliyon · 2022Review
15 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The essential oils of oregano and thyme are active against a number of food-borne pathogens, such as Escherichia coli O157:H7. Carvacrol is one of the major antibacterial components of these oils, and p-cymene is thought to be its precursor in the plant. The effects of carvacrol and p-cymene on protein synthesis in E. coli O157:H7 ATCC 43895 cells were investigated. Bacteria were grown overnight in Mueller-Hinton broth with a sublethal concentration of carvacrol or p-cymene, and their protein compositions were analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and confirmed by Western blotting. The presence of 1 mM carvacrol during overnight incubation caused E. coli O157:H7 to produce significant amounts of heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) (GroEL) (P < 0.05) and inhibited the synthesis of flagellin highly significantly (P < 0.001), causing cells to be aflagellate and therefore nonmotile. The amounts of HSP70 (DnaK) were not significantly affected. p-Cymene at 1 mM or 10 mM did not induce HSP60 or HSP70 in significant amounts and did not have a significant effect on flagellar synthesis. Neither carvacrol (0.3, 0.5, 0.8, or 1 mM) nor p-cymene (0.3, 0.5, or 0.8 mM) treatment of cells in the mid-exponential growth phase induced significant amounts of HSP60 or HSP70 within 3 h, although numerical increases of HSP60 were observed. Motility decreased with increasing concentrations of both compounds, but existing flagella were not shed. This study is the first to demonstrate that essential oil components induce HSP60 in bacteria and that overnight incubation with carvacrol prevents the development of flagella in E. coli O157:H7.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.