ArticlePLoS computational biology2007
A first look at ARFome: dual-coding genes in mammalian genomes.
Article in PLoS computational biology, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Human SRD5A1 as a case of gene expression indel-resistance in triple-coding region.Genome biology · 2026Article
- Alternatively Spliced Dual-Coding Regions Contribute to the Human Gene Regulatory Program.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Systematic Detection of Alternative Open Reading Frames (altORFs) in Cancer Driver Genes.Journal of molecular evolution · 2026Article
- From data to publication in a browser with BRC-Analytics: Evolutionary dynamics of coding overlaps in measles virus.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Noncanonical altPIDD1 protein: unveiling the true major translational output of theLife science alliance · 2025Article
- Scalable, accessible, and reproducible reference genome assembly and evaluation in Galaxy.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Article
- HexSE: Simulating evolution in overlapping reading frames.Virus evolution · 2023Article
- Stepwise Evolution and Exceptional Conservation of ORF1a/b Overlap in Coronaviruses.Molecular biology and evolution · 2021Article
- Understanding small ORF diversity through a comprehensive transcription feature classification.DNA research : an international journal for rapid publication of reports on genes and genomes · 2021Review
- Stepwise evolution and exceptional conservation of ORF1a/b overlap in coronaviruses.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2021Article
- The HIV-1 Antisense Gene ASP: The New Kid on the Block.Vaccines · 2021Review
- Review
- New insights into the evolutionary features of viral overlapping genes by discriminant analysis.Virology · 2020Article
- Translation initiation downstream from annotated start codons in human mRNAs coevolves with the Kozak context.Genome research · 2020Article
- Cell-line specific RNA editing patterns in Trypanosoma brucei suggest a unique mechanism to generate protein variation in a system intolerant to genetic mutations.Nucleic acids research · 2020Article
- fagin: synteny-based phylostratigraphy and finer classification of young genes.BMC bioinformatics · 2019Article
- Article
- From De Novo to "De Nono": The Majority of Novel Protein-Coding Genes Identified with Phylostratigraphy Are Old Genes or Recent Duplicates.Genome biology and evolution · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Coding of multiple proteins by overlapping reading frames is not a feature one would associate with eukaryotic genes. Indeed, codependency between codons of overlapping protein-coding regions imposes a unique set of evolutionary constraints, making it a costly arrangement. Yet in cases of tightly coexpressed interacting proteins, dual coding may be advantageous. Here we show that although dual coding is nearly impossible by chance, a number of human transcripts contain overlapping coding regions. Using newly developed statistical techniques, we identified 40 candidate genes with evolutionarily conserved overlapping coding regions. Because our approach is conservative, we expect mammals to possess more dual-coding genes. Our results emphasize that the skepticism surrounding eukaryotic dual coding is unwarranted: rather than being artifacts, overlapping reading frames are often hallmarks of fascinating biology.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.