ArticleGenes, brain, and behavior2008
Association study of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor alpha4 subunit gene, CHRNA4, in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.
Article in Genes, brain, and behavior, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Candidate gene studies of ADHD: a meta-analytic review.Human genetics · 2009Pooled it
- Mapping ADHD Heterogeneity and Biotypes by Topological Deviations in Morphometric Similarity Networks.JAMA psychiatry · 2026Article
- Mapping ADHD Heterogeneity and Biotypes through Topological Deviations in Morphometric Similarity Networks.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- A Potential Role for Neuroinflammation in ADHD.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2023Review
- Catecholaminergic and cholinergic neuromodulation in autism spectrum disorder: A comparison to attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2022Review
- Attention-deficit/hyperactive disorder updates.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2022Review
- Central autonomic regulation assessed by pupillary light reflex is impaired in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.Physiological research · 2020Article
- Exploring the Validity of Proposed Transgenic Animal Models of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).Molecular neurobiology · 2018Review
- Nicotinic α4β2 Cholinergic Receptor Influences on Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortical Neuronal Firing during a Working Memory Task.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2017Article
- Exposure to fluoridated water and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder prevalence among children and adolescents in the United States: an ecological association.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2015Article
- Striatal cholinergic interneuron regulation and circuit effects.Frontiers in synaptic neuroscience · 2014Review
- Decreased α4β2 nicotinic receptor number in the absence of mRNA changes suggests post-transcriptional regulation in the spontaneously hypertensive rat model of ADHD.Journal of neurochemistry · 2011Article
- Variation in the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor gene cluster CHRNA5-CHRNA3-CHRNB4 and its interaction with recent tobacco use influence cognitive flexibility.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2010Article
- Molecular genetics of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.The Psychiatric clinics of North America · 2010Review
- Choline transporter gene variation is associated with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders · 2009Article
- Differential contribution of genetic variation in multiple brain nicotinic cholinergic receptors to nicotine dependence: recent progress and emerging open questions.Molecular psychiatry · 2009Review
- Converging pharmacological and genetic evidence indicates a role for steroid sulfatase in attention.Biological psychiatry · 2009Article
- A risk allele for nicotine dependence in CHRNA5 is a protective allele for cocaine dependence.Biological psychiatry · 2008Article
- ADHD and smoking: from genes to brain to behavior.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · 2008Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common childhood-onset psychiatric condition with a strong genetic component. Evidence from pharmacological, clinical and animal studies has suggested that the nicotinic system could be involved in the disorder. Previous studies have implicated the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor alpha4 subunit gene, CHRNA4, in ADHD. Particularly, a polymorphism in the exon 2-intron 2 junction of CHRNA4 has been associated with severe inattention defined by latent class analysis. In the current study, we used the transmission disequilibrium test (TDT) to investigate four polymorphisms encompassing this region of CHRNA4 for association with ADHD in a sample of 264 nuclear families from Toronto. No significant evidence of biased transmission was observed for any of the marker alleles for ADHD defined as a categorical trait (all subtypes included), although one haplotype showed marginal evidence of under-transmission. No association was found with the ADHD predominantly inattentive subtype or with symptom dimension scores of inattention. On the contrary, nominally significant evidence of association of individual markers was obtained for the ADHD combined subtype and with teacher-rated hyperactivity-impulsivity scores, with the same haplotype being under-transmitted. Based on our results and others, CHRNA4 may be involved in ADHD; however, its role in ADHD symptomatology remains to be clarified.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.