ArticleEuropean journal of nutrition2007
Colostrum TGF-beta-1 associates with the duration of breast-feeding.
Article in European journal of nutrition, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mammary epithelium permeability during established lactation: associations with cytokine levels in human milk.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Article
- Association between Maternal Characteristics and Immune Factors TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and IgA in Colostrum: An Exploratory Study in Japan.Nutrients · 2022Article
- Probiotic Supplementation and Human Milk Cytokine Profiles in Japanese Women: A Retrospective Study from an Open-Label Pilot Study.Nutrients · 2021Article
- Dietary reference values for sodium.EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2019Article
- Effects of Probiotic Supplementation on TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and IgA Levels in the Milk of Japanese Women: An Open-Label Pilot Study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2019Article
- The Signaling Mechanism of TGF-β1 Induced Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cell Apoptosis.Asian-Australasian journal of animal sciences · 2012Article
- Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine founder's lecture 2008: breastfeeding--an extrauterine link between mother and child.Breastfeeding medicine : the official journal of the Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine · 2009Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSeveral stressful environmental factors are associated with short-term breast-feeding. A high concentration of sodium in colostrum has predicted early failure. AIM OF THE STUDY: We studied the association of growth factors in colostrum and the length of breast-feeding (BF).
methodsWe measured concentrations of TGF-beta1 and -beta2; epidermal growth factor, total protein, and sodium and compared their concentrations in colostral samples from mothers who either breast-fed their infants exclusively less than 0.5 months (n = 109) or longer than 3.5 months (n = 119).
resultsIn the short BF group more mothers smoked and were primiparous more frequently and had less often a university education. They also provided the colostral samples significantly later than did those with long BF. Geometric mean concentration for TGF-beta1 was 1.9 times as high in the samples from short BF mothers as in those with long BF; significant difference remained in comparisons of samples taken equally long postpartum. Samples from the short BF group showed higher levels for sodium, TGF-beta2 and total protein, whereas concentrations of epidermal growth factor were similar between groups.
conclusionsWe thus infer that concentrations of factors in breast milk with an effect on the development and involution of the mammary gland, like TGF-beta1 in milk, may be one of many biological factors having an impact on the successful initiation of breast-feeding.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.