ArticleJournal of virology2007
Contribution of recombination to the evolution of human immunodeficiency viruses expressing resistance to antiretroviral treatment.
Article in Journal of virology, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 77 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
77 citing papers in PubMed, 132 citations in OpenAlex.
- Identification of CRF89_BF, a new member of an HIV-1 circulating BF intersubtype recombinant form family widely spread in South America.Scientific reports · 2021Trial
- Identification of a novel HIV-1 circulating recombinant form (CRF161_0107) from CRF01_AE-C5 lineage among men who have sex with men in southwestern China.Virologica Sinica · 2026Article
- HIV-1 genetic diversity and pretreatment drug resistance in Xishuangbanna, a China-Myanmar-Laos border region.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Article
- Superinfection promotes replication and diversification of defective HIV-1 proviruses in people with non-suppressible viraemia.Nature microbiology · 2025Article
- Strategies and efforts in circumventing the emergence of antiviral resistance against conventional antivirals.npj antimicrobials and resistance · 2025Review
- Genetic Evolution Between HIV-1 Groups M and O: HIV-1/MO Recombinant Forms.Journal of medical virology · 2025Review
- A Narrative Review on the Pandemic Zoonotic RNA Virus Infections Occurred During the Last 25 Years.Journal of epidemiology and global health · 2024Review
- Multiple third-generation recombinants formed by CRF55_01B and CRF07_BC in newly diagnosed HIV-1 infected patients in Shenzhen city, China.Virology journal · 2024Article
- Characterization of a New HIV-1 Circulating Recombinant Form CRF142_BC - Yunnan, China, 2015 and 2021.China CDC weekly · 2024Article
- Identification of the Near Full-Length Genome of a Novel HIV-1 CRF01_AE/CRF07_BC Recombinant in Hebei Province, China.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2024Article
- Review
- Elevated HIV Viral Load is Associated with Higher Recombination Rate In Vivo.Molecular biology and evolution · 2024Article
- Comprehensive detection and dissection of interlineage recombination events in the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.Virus evolution · 2024Article
- The Question of HIV Vaccine: Why Is a Solution Not Yet Available?Journal of immunology research · 2024Review
- Intrasegmental recombination as an evolutionary force of Lassa fever virus.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Article
- Elevated HIV viral load is associated with higher recombination ratebioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- HIV-1 Non-Group M Strains and ART.Viruses · 2023Review
- Correlated substitutions reveal SARS-like coronaviruses recombine frequently with a diverse set of structured gene pools.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Identification of a HIV-1 circulating BF1 recombinant form (CRF75_BF1) of Brazilian origin that also circulates in Southwestern Europe.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
17 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Viral recombination has been postulated to play two roles in the development of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) resistance to antiretroviral drugs. First, recombination has the capacity to associate resistance mutations expressed by distinct viruses, thereby contributing to the development of viruses with improved drug resistance. In addition, recombination could preserve diversity in regions outside those subject to strong selective pressure. In this study, we sought direct evidence for the occurrence of these processes in vivo by evaluating clonal virus populations obtained from the same patient before and after a treatment change that, while unsuccessful in controlling viral replication, led to the emergence of viruses expressing a different profile of resistance mutations. Phylogenetic studies supported the conclusion that the genotype arising after the treatment change resulted from the emergence of recombinant viruses carrying previously existing resistance mutations in novel combinations, whereas alternative explanations, including convergent evolution, were not consistent with observed genotypic changes. Despite evidence for a strong loss of genetic diversity in genomic regions coding for the protease and reverse transcriptase, diversity in regions coding for Gag and envelope was considerably higher, and recombination between the emerging viruses expressing the new pattern of resistance mutations and viral quasispecies in the previously dominant population contributed to this preservation of diversity in the envelope gene. These findings emphasize that recombination can participate in the adaptation of HIV to changing selective pressure, both by generating novel combinations of resistance mutations and by maintaining diversity in genomic regions outside those implicated in a selective sweep.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.