ReviewClinical microbiology reviews1991
Histoplasma variation and adaptive strategies for parasitism: new perspectives on histoplasmosis.
Review in Clinical microbiology reviews, 1991. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 53 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
53 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 102 citations in OpenAlex.
- The use of genetic markers in the molecular epidemiology of histoplasmosis: a systematic review.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2016Pooled it
- Histoplasmosis in India: a systematic review of reported cases.Infection · 2026Review
- How Histoplasma Evades the Human Immune System.Acta medica academica · 2025Review
- Mapping carbon utilization pathways inmSystems · 2025Article
- Fungus in the Fur: An Overview of Fungal Infections in Cats, Dogs, and Exotic Small Mammals.Current topics in microbiology and immunology · 2025Review
- Diagnosis of Human Endemic Mycoses Caused by Thermally Dimorphic Fungi: From Classical to Molecular Methods.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Genotypic diversity, virulence, and molecular genetic tools inMicrobiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2024Review
- Development of an Interferon-Gamma Release Assay (IGRA) to Aid Diagnosis of Histoplasmosis.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2022Article
- Mucocutaneous nasal histoplasmosis in an immunocompetent dog.BMC veterinary research · 2021Article
- The global epidemiology of emergingStudies in mycology · 2020Article
- Primary Central Nervous System Infection by Histoplasma in an Immunocompetent Adult.Mycopathologia · 2020Article
- Sensing the heat and the host: Virulence determinants ofVirulence · 2019Review
- Molecular regulation of Histoplasma dimorphism.Current opinion in microbiology · 2019Review
- Dimorphism and Dissemination ofThe American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2019Article
- Article
- Macrophage cell death and transcriptional response are actively triggered by the fungal virulence factor Cbp1 during H. capsulatum infection.Molecular microbiology · 2015Article
- Thermally Dimorphic Human Fungal Pathogens--Polyphyletic Pathogens with a Convergent Pathogenicity Trait.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2014Review
- Article
- Article
- SRE1 regulates iron-dependent and -independent pathways in the fungal pathogen Histoplasma capsulatum.Eukaryotic cell · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
This review summarizes the biology of Histoplasma capsulatum in relation to a wide variety of corresponding pathologies in histoplasmosis. Features of these disease syndromes can be explained in part by natural variations within the fungal population and adaptations made by individual organisms to specific environments. H. capsulatum grows as mycelia and conidia in the soil; once inhaled, the organism undergoes a dramatic morphological and physiological conversion to a yeast form. The yeasts proliferate within the phagolysosomes of macrophages, using a variety of specific strategies for intracellular survival. Even avirulent strains or variants are able to avoid being killed by macrophages and instead establish inapparent or persistent infections. The ingested avirulent organisms assume enlarged shapes similar in appearance to those seen in histological sections of tissues from patients with histoplasmosis. Respiratory tract epithelial cells also appear to play a role in persistence: within them yeasts undergo phenotypic switching akin to the phase variation observed in other pathogens. This particular change involves the loss or modification of cell wall alpha-(1,3)-glucan, which is also correlated with the spontaneous appearance of avirulent variants. The repertoire of adaptive responses and natural variations within this species probably evolved from the need to adjust to a wide range of dynamic environments. In combination with the immune status of the host, these characteristics of H. capsulatum appear to influence the epidemiology, extent, and persistence of histoplasmosis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.