ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2007
The detection of airborne transmission of tuberculosis from HIV-infected patients, using an in vivo air sampling model.
Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 64 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
64 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Dynamics of sputum conversion during effective tuberculosis treatment: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PLoS medicine · 2021Pooled it
- A method to provide improved dose-response estimates for airborne pathogens in animals: an example using porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus.Veterinary microbiology · 2009Trial
- Article
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- Airflow Determines Natural Airborne Transmission of Tuberculosis in a Guinea Pig Model.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Assessing Infectiousness and the Impact of Effective Treatment to Guide Isolation Recommendations for People With Pulmonary Tuberculosis.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Review
- Development of a Novel Electrostatic-Based Bioaerosol Sampler.Micromachines · 2024Article
- NTCA Guidelines for Respiratory Isolation and Restrictions to Reduce Transmission of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Community Settings.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2024Article
- The airborne contagiousness of respiratory viruses: A comparative analysis and implications for mitigation.Geoscience frontiers · 2022Article
- Infectious Disease Modeling with Socio-Viral Behavioral Aspects-Lessons Learned from the Spread of SARS-CoV-2 in a University.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2022Article
- Assessment of university classroom ventilation during the COVID-19 pandemic.Journal of occupational and environmental hygiene · 2022Article
- The source and fate of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex in wastewater and possible routes of transmission.BMC public health · 2022Article
- Particle Dynamics and Bioaerosol Viability of Aerosolized Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Vaccine Using Jet and Vibrating Mesh Clinical Nebulizers.Journal of aerosol medicine and pulmonary drug delivery · 2022Article
- Respiratory infection risk-based ventilation design method.Building and environment · 2021Article
- Occupational Risk of AirborneInternational journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- A numerical assessment of social distancing of preventing airborne transmission of COVID-19 during different breathing and coughing processes.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- A Mitocentric View of the Main Bacterial and Parasitic Infectious Diseases in the Pediatric Population.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Indoor Model Simulation for COVID-19 Transport and Exposure.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Multi-Scale Airborne Infectious Disease Transmission.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2021Review
- PLAN-M; Mycobacteriophage Endolysins Fused to Biodegradable Nanobeads Mitigate Mycobacterial Growth in Liquid and on Surfaces.Frontiers in microbiology · 2021Article
4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Funding
Abstract
backgroundNosocomial transmission of tuberculosis remains an important public health problem. We created an in vivo air sampling model to study airborne transmission of tuberculosis from patients coinfected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and to evaluate environmental control measures.
methodsAn animal facility was built above a mechanically ventilated HIV-tuberculosis ward in Lima, Peru. A mean of 92 guinea pigs were continuously exposed to all ward exhaust air for 16 months. Animals had tuberculin skin tests performed at monthly intervals, and those with positive reactions were removed for autopsy and culture for tuberculosis.
resultsOver 505 consecutive days, there were 118 ward admissions by 97 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, with a median duration of hospitalization of 11 days. All patients were infected with HIV and constituted a heterogeneous group with both new and existing diagnoses of tuberculosis. There was a wide variation in monthly rates of guinea pigs developing positive tuberculin test results (0%-53%). Of 292 animals exposed to ward air, 159 developed positive tuberculin skin test results, of which 129 had laboratory confirmation of tuberculosis. The HIV-positive patients with pulmonary tuberculosis produced a mean of 8.2 infectious quanta per hour, compared with 1.25 for HIV-negative patients with tuberculosis in similar studies from the 1950s. The mean monthly patient infectiousness varied greatly, from production of 0-44 infectious quanta per hour, as did the theoretical risk for a health care worker to acquire tuberculosis by breathing ward air.
conclusionsHIV-positive patients with tuberculosis varied greatly in their infectiousness, and some were highly infectious. Use of environmental control strategies for nosocomial tuberculosis is therefore a priority, especially in areas with a high prevalence of both tuberculosis and HIV infection.
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