ArticleInfection and immunity2007
Assessment of the kinetics of Treponema pallidum dissemination into blood and tissues in experimental syphilis by real-time quantitative PCR.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Molecular typing of Treponema pallidum: a systematic review and meta-analysis.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2011Pooled it
- Molecular and serological evidence of systemiciScience · 2026Article
- The Significance of the Cell-Mediated Host Immune Response in Syphilis.Microorganisms · 2024Review
- Insights into the protective immune response by immunization with full-length recombinant TprK protein: cellular and humoral responses.NPJ vaccines · 2023Article
- Red Blood Cell Lysis Pretreatment Can Significantly Improve the Yield of Treponema pallidum DNA from Blood.Microbiology spectrum · 2023Article
- Immunization with Tp0954, an adhesin ofFrontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Syphilis and the host: multi-omic analysis of host cellular responses toFrontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
- Syphilis vaccine: challenges, controversies and opportunities.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Detection of Treponema pallidum DNA During Early Syphilis Stages in Peripheral Blood, Oropharynx, Ano-Rectum and Urine as a Proxy for Transmissibility.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2022Article
- Effect of storage on survival of infectious Treponema pallidum spiked in whole blood and platelets.Transfusion · 2021Article
- Two Potential Syphilis Vaccine Candidates Inhibit Dissemination ofFrontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Article
- Epidemic of venereal treponematosis in wild monkeys: a paradigm for syphilis origin.New microbes and new infections · 2020Article
- Successful isolation of Treponema pallidum strains from patients' cryopreserved ulcer exudate using the rabbit model.PloS one · 2020Article
- Characterization ofFrontiers in immunology · 2020Article
- Sensitive detection of Treponema pallidum DNA from the whole blood of patients with syphilis by the nested PCR assay.Emerging microbes & infections · 2018Article
- Needle lost in the haystack: multiple reaction monitoring fails to detectF1000Research · 2018Article
- Development and Evaluation of a Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Assay for the Detection ofThe American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2017Article
- Syphilis.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2017Review
- A defined syphilis vaccine candidate inhibits dissemination of Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum.Nature communications · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Little is known about the size and kinetics of treponemal burdens in blood and tissues during acquired or experimental syphilitic infection. We used real-time quantitative PCR to measure Treponema pallidum DNA levels in rabbits infected intratesticularly with the prototype Nichols strain. At the outset, we performed a series of in vitro blood spiking experiments to determine the effect of blood processing procedures on the distribution of treponemes in various blood components. T. pallidum DNA levels in plasma and whole blood were approximately 10-fold higher than those in serum and more than 200-fold greater than those in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Ten rabbits were inoculated intratesticularly with doses of treponemes ranging from 4 x 10(7) to 2 x 10(8) organisms. In five rabbits, T. pallidum DNA levels were measured sequentially in serum, plasma, whole blood, and PBMCs until sacrifice at peak orchitis, at which time brain, kidney, liver, spleen, and testicles were harvested; blood and organs were also harvested at orchitis from the other five rabbits. T. pallidum DNA was detected in plasma within 24 h postinfection. Treponeme levels in whole blood and blood components increased significantly with the development of peak orchitis. Overall, levels in serum and PBMCs were lower than those in plasma and whole blood; this disparity was particularly marked at early time points. Significantly greater numbers of spirochetes were found in the spleen than in liver, kidney, or brain tissue at the time of sacrifice. Our findings highlight the remarkable capacity of T. pallidum to disseminate from the site of infection to blood and tissues, and they identify the spleen as a prime target for treponemal invasion.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.