ReviewEnvironmental health perspectives2007
The epidemiology of lead toxicity in adults: measuring dose and consideration of other methodologic issues.
Review in Environmental health perspectives, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 124 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
124 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Association between proximity to a lead-releasing facility and cognition in diverse cohorts.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Lead exposure and cardiovascular disease--a systematic review.Environmental health perspectives · 2007Pooled it
- Lead (Pb) and the NMDA Receptor Hypofunction Hypothesis: A Comparative Review of Non-Essential Metal Exposures in Schizophrenia.Current environmental health reports · 2026Review
- Lead and cancer: a narrative review and risk of bias assessment (2003-2020).Reviews on environmental health · 2026Review
- Article
- Exposure to lead and incidence of Alzheimer's disease and all-cause dementia in the United States.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
- Heavy metal blood concentrations in smelters and chimney sweepers in Norway.Annals of work exposures and health · 2026Article
- Association between bone trace metal accumulation and idiopathic aseptic osteonecrosis of the femoral head in a mining region of Katanga (DR Congo).Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2025Article
- Unexpected High Blood Lead Levels in a Remote Indigenous Community in the Northeastern Peruvian Amazon.Toxics · 2025Article
- Blood Lead (Pb) Levels as a Possible Marker of Cancer Risk in a Prospective Cohort of Women with Non-Occupational Exposure.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Dosimetry Testing for a New In Vivo X-ray Fluorescence Measurement System.Health physics · 2025Article
- Association of Urinary Metals With Cardiovascular Disease Incidence and All-Cause Mortality in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA).Circulation · 2024Article
- Associations of a toenail metal mixture with attention and memory in the Gulf long-term follow-up (GuLF) study.The Science of the total environment · 2024Article
- Improving prediction of linear regression models by integrating external information from heterogeneous populations: James-Stein estimators.Biometrics · 2024Article
- Estimating effects of longitudinal and cumulative exposure to PFAS mixtures on early adolescent body composition.American journal of epidemiology · 2024Article
- Lead exposure across the life course and age at death.The Science of the total environment · 2024Article
- Do we underestimate risk of cardiovascular mortality due to lead exposure?The Science of the total environment · 2024Article
- Federal Housing Assistance and Blood Lead Levels in a Nationally Representative US Sample Age 6 and Older: NHANES, 1999-2018.Environmental health perspectives · 2024Article
64 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
We review several issues of broad relevance to the interpretation of epidemiologic evidence concerning the toxicity of lead in adults, particularly regarding cognitive function and the cardiovascular system, which are the subjects of two systematic reviews that are also part of this mini-monograph. Chief among the recent developments in methodologic advances has been the refinement of concepts and methods for measuring individual lead dose in terms of appreciating distinctions between recent versus cumulative doses and the use of biological markers to measure these parameters in epidemiologic studies of chronic disease. Attention is focused particularly on bone lead levels measured by K-shell X-ray fluorescence as a relatively new biological marker of cumulative dose that has been used in many recent epidemiologic studies to generate insights into lead's impact on cognition and risk of hypertension, as well as the alternative method of estimating cumulative dose using available repeated measures of blood lead to calculate an individual's cumulative blood lead index. We review the relevance and interpretation of these lead biomarkers in the context of the toxico-kinetics of lead. In addition, we also discuss methodologic challenges that arise in studies of occupationally and environmentally exposed subjects and those concerning race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status and other important covariates.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.