ArticleMolecular biology of the cell2007
Gangliosides GM1 and GM3 in the living cell membrane form clusters susceptible to cholesterol depletion and chilling.
Article in Molecular biology of the cell, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 102 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
102 citing papers in PubMed, 222 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cis glycan-glycan interactions organize membrane nanodomains that tune receptor signaling.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Cholera toxin as a model ABArchives of toxicology · 2026Review
- Bimodal Cholesterol for Correlative In-Cell DNP Solid-State NMR and Confocal Microscopy of the Plasma Membrane.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2026Article
- Targeting Cellular Lipid Rafts for Dynamic Nuclear Polarization Nuclear Magnetic Resonance.Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology · 2026Article
- Gangliosides and Membrane Microdomains.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2026Article
- Definition of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate distribution by freeze-fracture replica labeling.The Journal of cell biology · 2025Article
- HIV-1 Gag targeting to the plasma membrane reorganizes sphingomyelin-rich and cholesterol-rich lipid domains.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Cell density-dependent membrane distribution of ganglioside GM3 in melanoma cells.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2023Article
- Glycolysis regulates KRAS plasma membrane localization and function through defined glycosphingolipids.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Article
- Recombination betweenAnalytical chemistry · 2022Article
- Membrane lipid rafts are required for AMPA receptor tyrosine phosphorylation.Frontiers in synaptic neuroscience · 2022Article
- Article
- Cholera Toxin as a Probe for Membrane Biology.Toxins · 2021Review
- Degranulation enhances presynaptic membrane packing, which protects NK cells from perforin-mediated autolysis.PLoS biology · 2021Article
- The distribution of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate in the budding yeast plasma membrane.Histochemistry and cell biology · 2021Article
- Glycosphingolipid GM3 is localized in both exoplasmic and cytoplasmic leaflets of Plasmodium falciparum malaria parasite plasma membrane.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Ceramide structure dictates glycosphingolipid nanodomain assembly and function.Nature communications · 2021Article
- Inositol triphosphate-triggered calcium release blocks lipid exchange at endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi contact sites.Nature communications · 2021Article
- Lipids and Antiplatelet Therapy: Important Considerations and Future Perspectives.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
42 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Presence of microdomains has been postulated in the cell membrane, but two-dimensional distribution of lipid molecules has been difficult to determine in the submicrometer scale. In the present paper, we examined the distribution of gangliosides GM1 and GM3, putative raft molecules in the cell membrane, by immunoelectron microscopy using quick-frozen and freeze-fractured specimens. This method physically immobilized molecules in situ and thus minimized the possibility of artifactual perturbation. By point pattern analysis of immunogold labeling, GM1 was shown to make clusters of <100 nm in diameter in normal mouse fibroblasts. GM1-null fibroblasts were not labeled, but developed a similar clustered pattern when GM1 was administered. On cholesterol depletion or chilling, the clustering of both endogenous and exogenously-loaded GM1 decreased significantly, but the distribution showed marked regional heterogeneity in the cells. GM3 also showed cholesterol-dependent clustering, and although clusters of GM1 and GM3 were found to occasionally coincide, these aggregates were separated in most cases, suggesting the presence of heterogeneous microdomains. The present method enabled to capture the molecular distribution of lipids in the cell membrane, and demonstrated that GM1 and GM3 form clusters that are susceptible to cholesterol depletion and chilling.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.