Trial reportThe pharmacogenomics journal2008
Genetic variation in the dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4) gene and smoking cessation: follow-up of a randomised clinical trial of transdermal nicotine patch.
Trial report in The pharmacogenomics journal, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- From genes to treatments: a systematic review of the pharmacogenetics in smoking cessation.Pharmacogenomics · 2018Pooled it
- Pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation: effects by subgroup defined by genetically informed biomarkers.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2017Pooled it
- CHRNA3 rs1051730 genotype and short-term smoking cessation.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2011Pooled it
- Dopaminergic genetic variation moderates the effect of nicotine on cigarette reward.Psychopharmacology · 2016Trial
- Effects of nicotine deprivation and replacement on BOLD-fMRI response to smoking cues as a function of DRD4 VNTR genotype.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2014Trial
- The DRD4 exon III VNTR, bupropion, and associations with prospective abstinence.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2013Trial
- Dopamine D4 receptor gene variation moderates the efficacy of bupropion for smoking cessation.The pharmacogenomics journal · 2012Trial
- Identification of pharmacogenetic markers in smoking cessation therapy.American journal of medical genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric genetics : the official publication of the International Society of Psychiatric Genetics · 2008Trial
- Dopamine and opioid gene variants are associated with increased smoking reward and reinforcement owing to negative mood.Behavioural pharmacology · 2008Trial
- Beyond Stigma-Integrating Neurobiology, Genetics, and Awareness Integration Theory in Addiction Recovery.Psychology research and behavior management · 2026Article
- Corticostriatal cocaine-seeking ensembles are defined by differing gene expression from sucrose-seeking ensembles using a within-subject dual self-administration and seeking mouse model.Addiction neuroscience · 2025Article
- Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms WithinCurrent addiction reports · 2024Article
- A scoping review of smoking cessation pharmacogenetic studies to advance future research across racial, ethnic, and ancestral populations.Frontiers in genetics · 2023Article
- Underlying Susceptibility to Eating Disorders and Drug Abuse: Genetic and Pharmacological Aspects of Dopamine D4 Receptors.Nutrients · 2020Review
- The VNTR 48 bp Polymorphism in theDiagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Article
- Effects of dopaminergic genes, prenatal adversities, and their interaction on attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and neural correlates of response inhibition.Journal of psychiatry & neuroscience : JPN · 2017Article
- Pharmacogenetic Optimization of Smoking Cessation Treatment.Trends in pharmacological sciences · 2017Review
- Converging findings from linkage and association analyses on susceptibility genes for smoking and other addictions.Molecular psychiatry · 2016Review
- Gender Considerations in Addiction: Implications for Treatment.Current treatment options in psychiatry · 2015Article
- A review of pharmacogenetic studies of substance-related disorders.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2015Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Smokers of European ancestry (n=720) who participated in a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial of transdermal nicotine replacement therapy, were genotyped for two functional polymorphisms (variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) and a C to T transition at position -521 (C-521T)) in the dopamine D4 receptor gene (DRD4) gene. Logistic regression models of abstinence at 12- and 26-week follow-ups were carried out separately for each polymorphism. For the DRD4 VNTR models, the main effect of treatment was significant at both 12-week (P=0.001) and 26-week (P=0.006) follow-ups, indicating an increased likelihood of successful cessation on active nicotine replacement therapy transdermal patch relative to placebo. The main effect of DRD4 VNTR genotype was associated with abstinence at 12-week follow-up (P=0.034), with possession of one or more copies of the long allele associated with reduced likelihood of cessation (17 vs 23%), but this effect was not observed at 26-week follow-up. For the DRD4 C-521T models, no main effect or interaction terms involving genotype were retained in the models at either 12- or 26-week follow-up. These data are consistent with observations from studies of the DRD2 gene that genetic variants related to relatively decreased dopaminergic tone in the mesocorticolimbic system are associated with increased risk for relapse to smoking following a cessation attempt.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.