ArticleEnvironmental health perspectives2007
Hypersensitivity pneumonitis-like granulomatous lung disease with nontuberculous mycobacteria from exposure to hot water aerosols.
Article in Environmental health perspectives, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
- Hot Tub Lung: Misdiagnosed Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis Revealing a Mycobacterial Aetiology-A Case Report and Literature Review.Respirology case reports · 2026Article
- Report on Successful Treatment of Refractory MAC 2 Lung Disease in Two Elderly Patients with Inhaled Liposomal Amikacin (ALIS) at Half the Standard Dose.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- A case ofIDCases · 2026Article
- Chlorine-Induced Lung Injury From Hot Tub Exposure.Cureus · 2024Article
- A case of hot tub lung secondary to mycobacterium avium complex in Victoria, Australia.Respirology case reports · 2024Article
- Utility of serum immunoglobulin A antibody against glycopeptidolipid core antigen in the diagnosis and management of hypersensitivity pneumonitis associated withRespiratory medicine case reports · 2023Article
- Hot Tub Lung: An Intriguing Diffuse Parenchymal Lung Disease.Ghana medical journal · 2017Article
- Hot Tub Lung: A Diagnostic Challenge.Cureus · 2017Article
- Transmission of Mycobacterium chimaera from Heater-Cooler Units during Cardiac Surgery despite an Ultraclean Air Ventilation System.Emerging infectious diseases · 2016Article
- Avian Mycobacteriosis: Still Existing Threat to Humans.BioMed research international · 2016Review
- Mycobacterium phocaicum and Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare in a patient with hot tub lung.Respirology case reports · 2015Article
- Small airways diseases, excluding asthma and COPD: an overview.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2013Article
- Hot tub lung: an occupational hazard.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2013Article
- Nontuberculous mycobacterial hypersensitivity pneumonitis related to a home shower: treatment and secondary prevention.BMJ case reports · 2011Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveHuman activities associated with aerosol-generating hot water sources are increasingly popular. Recently, a hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP)-like granulomatous lung disease, with non-tuberculous mycobacteria from exposure to hot water aerosols from hot tubs/spas, showers, and indoor swimming pools, has been described in immunocompetent individuals (also called "hot tub lung"). Our objective in this study was to examine four additional cases of hot tub lung and compare these cases with others reported in the English print literature on this disease. DATA SOURCES AND EXTRACTION: We retrospectively reviewed all cases (n = 4) of presumptively diagnosed hot tub lung in immunocompetent individuals at the various physician practices in Springfield, Illinois, during 2001-2005. In addition, we searched MEDLINE for cases of hot tub lung described in the literature. DATA SYNTHESIS: We summarized the clinical presentation and investigations of four presumptive cases and reviewed previously reported cases of hot tub lung.
conclusionsThere is a debate in the literature whether hot tub lung is an HP or a direct infection of the lung by nontuberculous mycobacteria. Primary prevention of this disease relies on ventilation and good use practices. Secondary prevention of this disease requires education of both the general public and clinicians to allow for the early diagnosis of this disease.
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