ArticleJournal of epidemiology and community health2007
Is cumulative exposure to economic hardships more hazardous to women's health than men's? A 16-year follow-up study of the Swedish Survey of Living Conditions.
Article in Journal of epidemiology and community health, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Air pollution, cardiovascular endpoints and susceptibility by stress and material resources: a systematic review of the evidence.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2017Pooled it
- Loneliness-associated factors among older adults: Focus on friendship type and number of friends.Japan journal of nursing science : JJNS · 2025Article
- IPV Experiences and Financial Strain Over Time: Insights from the Blinder-Oaxaca Decomposition Analysis.Journal of family and economic issues · 2023Article
- Financial hardship among cancer survivors in Southern New Jersey.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2021Article
- Economic hardship over twenty-two consecutive years of adult life and markers of early ageing: physical capability, cognitive function and inflammation.European journal of ageing · 2020Article
- Midlife Family Economic Hardship and Later Life Cardiometabolic Health: The Protective Role of Marital Integration.The Gerontologist · 2019Article
- Life Course Patterns of Concurrent Trajectories of BMI and Affective Symptoms of Rural Mothers: Socioeconomic Antecedents and Disease Outcomes in Later Life.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2019Article
- Debt and mental health: new insights about the relationship and the importance of the measure of mental health.European journal of public health · 2019Article
- The association between hardship and self-rated health: does the choice of indicator matter?Annals of epidemiology · 2018Article
- Economic stress and condescending treatment in childhood and adult self-rated health: results from a population study in Sweden.BMC public health · 2017Article
- Sex differences in the association between area deprivation and generalised anxiety disorder: British population study.BMJ open · 2017Article
- Explaining mental health inequalities in Northern Sweden: a decomposition analysis.Global health action · 2017Article
- Financial Insolvency as a Risk Factor for Early Mortality Among Patients With Cancer.Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2016Article
- Predictors of Serious Psychological Distress in an Urban Population.Community mental health journal · 2015Article
- Persistent financial hardship, 11-year weight gain, and health behaviors in the Whitehall II study.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2014Article
- Financial hardship and self-rated health among low-income housing residents.Health education & behavior : the official publication of the Society for Public Health Education · 2013Article
- Gender-stratified models to examine the relationship between financial hardship and self-reported oral health for older US men and women.American journal of public health · 2013Article
- Health among Swedish employees and financial situation, education, and managerial responsibility: a longitudinal study.Upsala journal of medical sciences · 2012Article
- Income and economic exclusion: do they measure the same concept?International journal for equity in health · 2012Article
- Women's perceptions of the relationship between recent life events, transitions, and diet in midlife: findings from a focus group study.Women & health · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPrevious research has shown an association between cumulative economic hardships and various health outcomes. However, the cumulative effects of economic hardships in regard to gender differences have not been given enough attention.
methods1981 women and 1799 men were followed up over a period of 16 years (1981-1997), using data from the Swedish Survey of Living Conditions panel study. The temporal association between economic hardships and self-rated health, psychological distress and musculoskeletal disorders was analysed.
resultsA dose-response effect on women's health was observed with increasing scores of cumulative exposure to financial stress but not with low income. Women exposed to financial stress at both T(1) and T(2) had an increased risk of 1.4-1.6 for all health measures compared with those who were not exposed. A similar consistent dose-response effect was not observed among men.
conclusionsThere is a temporal relationship between cumulative economic hardships and health outcomes, and health effects differ by gender. Financial stress seems to be a stronger predictor of poor health outcomes than low income, particularly among women. Policies geared towards reducing health inequalities should recognise that long-term exposure to economic hardships damages health, and actions need to be taken with a gender perspective.
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