ArticleProtoplasma2007
Comparison of the toxicity and distribution of cadmium and lead in plant cells.
Article in Protoplasma, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 119 citations in OpenAlex.
- Species-specific cadmium and lead tolerance in fourFrontiers in plant science · 2026Article
- Accumulation Potential of Lead and Cadmium Metals in Maize (Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Lead-induced changes in plant cell ultrastructure: an overview.Biometals : an international journal on the role of metal ions in biology, biochemistry, and medicine · 2025Review
- Remediation of soils on municipal rendering plant territories using Miscanthus × giganteus.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2023Article
- Assessing lead and cadmium tolerance ofPeerJ · 2023Article
- Highly Emitting Perovskite Nanocrystals with 2-Year Stability in Water through an Automated Polymer Encapsulation for Bioimaging.ACS nano · 2022Article
- Compost mixed fruits and vegetable waste biochar with ACC deaminase rhizobacteria can minimize lead stress in mint plants.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Genome-Wide Association Study Reveals Key Genes for Differential Lead Accumulation and Tolerance in NaturalFrontiers in plant science · 2021Article
- Lead availability and phytoextraction in the rhizosphere of Pelargonium species.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2020Article
- Potential role of compost mixed biochar with rhizobacteria in mitigating lead toxicity in spinach.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Endomembrane Reorganization Induced by Heavy Metals.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Can Ceylon Leadwort (International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
- The acclimatization strategies of kidney vetch (Anthyllis vulneraria L.) to Pb toxicity.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2018Article
- Organic amendments enhance Pb tolerance and accumulation during micropropagation of Daphne jasminea.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2017Article
- Overlapping toxic effect of long term thallium exposure on white mustard (Sinapis alba L.) photosynthetic activity.BMC plant biology · 2016Article
- Investigation and Evaluation of Children's Blood Lead Levels around a Lead Battery Factory and Influencing Factors.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2016Article
- Combined effect of Cd and Pb spiked field soils on bioaccumulation, DNA damage, and peroxidase activities in Trifolium repens.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2016Article
- Target or barrier? The cell wall of early- and later-diverging plants vs cadmium toxicity: differences in the response mechanisms.Frontiers in plant science · 2015Article
- Article
- Chlorophyll a fluorescence in evaluation of the effect of heavy metal soil contamination on perennial grasses.PloS one · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The toxicity of heavy metals (Cd, Zn, and Pb) was assessed by in vivo observations of their effect on cytoplasmic streaming in Allium cepa L. bulb scale epidermal cells. On the basis of our results, the order of toxicity of the studied cations is Zn < Pb << Cd. The difference in toxicity between cadmium and lead was found to be very large. When cytoplasmic streaming was assessed, this difference was threefold. When the total content of cadmium and lead (determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry) was the criterion, the difference in toxicity was 15-fold. Fractionation of the tissue and enzymatic digestion of the cells revealed that the largest proportion of cadmium was located in the cell walls (56%), whereas almost all of the lead (97.6%) was accumulated in an insoluble form. The speciation of water-soluble Pb and Cd fractions is discussed on the basis of analysis by capillary zone electrophoresis interfaced with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry of water extracts from epidermal cells. Lead and cadmium appeared to be bound mainly to salts, which explains their toxicity. Cadmium was complexed (detoxified) by organic acids, while thiols were the metal-complexing species for lead. Histidine formed complexes with both cadmium and lead. Ultrastructural analyses showed that lead was encapsulated in small vesicles in the cytoplasm. Fluorescence studies of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) revealed that it underwent extensive fragmentation under the influence of lead, with numerous ER vesicles appearing in the cells. In other words, the lead deposits in the cytoplasm were contained in vesicles arising from fragmentation of the ER. These observations indicate that epidermal cells have a rapid and effective mechanism for detoxifying lead involving the ER, and this may be one of the mechanisms accounting for the lower toxicity of lead in comparison with cadmium. The suitability of Allium cepa bulb scale epidermal cells for use in ecotoxicological studies is also discussed. Step-by-step directions for this test are given.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.