ArticlePlant physiology2007
A Norway spruce FLOWERING LOCUS T homolog is implicated in control of growth rhythm in conifers.
Article in Plant physiology, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 53 papers.
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53 citing papers in PubMed, 216 citations in OpenAlex.
- Response of DNA methylation and gene expression to light treatments in Norway spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst.].BMC genomics · 2026Article
- Low but significant evolutionary potential for growth, phenology and reproduction traits in European beech.Molecular ecology · 2025Article
- Assessing Functional Conservation AmongstPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Molecular advances in bud dormancy in trees.Journal of experimental botany · 2024Review
- Epigenetic stress memory in gymnosperms.Plant physiology · 2024Review
- Ring Stripping, Ring Cutting, and Growth Regulators Promote Phase Change and Early Flowering in Pear Seedlings.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- From common gardens to candidate genes: exploring local adaptation to climate in red spruce.The New phytologist · 2023Article
- Molecular mechanisms of flowering phenology in trees.Forestry research · 2023Review
- Phytohormone biosynthesis and transcriptional analyses provide insight into the main growth stage of male and female conesFrontiers in plant science · 2023Article
- Epitype-inducing temperatures drive DNA methylation changes during somatic embryogenesis in the long-lived gymnosperm Norway spruce.Frontiers in plant science · 2023Article
- Comprehensive collection of genes and comparative analysis of full-length transcriptome sequences from Japanese larch (Larix kaempferi) and Kuril larch (Larix gmelinii var. japonica).BMC plant biology · 2022Article
- Identifying and testing marker-trait associations for growth and phenology in three pine species: Implications for genomic prediction.Evolutionary applications · 2022Article
- The long road to bloom in conifers.Forestry research · 2022Review
- Genome-wide characterization of PEBP family genes in nine Rosaceae tree species and their expression analysis in P. mume.BMC ecology and evolution · 2021Article
- Telomere Length in Norway Spruce during Somatic Embryogenesis and Cryopreservation.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Photoperiod Control of Plant Growth: Flowering Time Genes Beyond Flowering.Frontiers in plant science · 2021Review
- Comparative transcriptome analyses reveal two distinct transcriptional modules associated with pollen shedding time in pine.BMC genomics · 2020Article
- What prevails in climatic response of Pinus sylvestris in-between its range limits in mountains: slope aspect or elevation?International journal of biometeorology · 2020Article
- Article
- Phenotypic and Genomic Local Adaptation across Latitude and Altitude in Populus trichocarpa.Genome biology and evolution · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Growth in perennial plants possesses an annual cycle of active growth and dormancy that is controlled by environmental factors, mainly photoperiod and temperature. In conifers and other nonangiosperm species, the molecular mechanisms behind these responses are currently unknown. In Norway spruce (Picea abies L. Karst.) seedlings, growth cessation and bud set are induced by short days and plants from southern latitudes require at least 7 to 10 h of darkness, whereas plants from northern latitudes need only 2 to 3 h of darkness. Bud burst, on the other hand, is almost exclusively controlled by temperature. To test the possible role of Norway spruce FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT)-like genes in growth rhythm, we have studied expression patterns of four Norway spruce FT family genes in two populations with a divergent bud set response under various photoperiodic conditions. Our data show a significant and tight correlation between growth rhythm (both bud set and bud burst), and expression pattern of one of the four Norway spruce phosphatidylethanolamine-binding protein gene family members (PaFT4) over a variety of experimental conditions. This study strongly suggests that one Norway spruce homolog to the FT gene, which controls flowering in angiosperms, is also a key integrator of photoperiodic and thermal signals in the control of growth rhythms in gymnosperms. The data also indicate that the divergent adaptive bud set responses of northern and southern Norway spruce populations, both to photoperiod and light quality, are mediated through PaFT4. These results provide a major advance in our understanding of the molecular control of a major adaptive trait in conifers and a tool for further molecular studies of adaptive variation in plants.
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