ReviewJournal of autoimmunity
The CD40, CTLA-4, thyroglobulin, TSH receptor, and PTPN22 gene quintet and its contribution to thyroid autoimmunity: back to the future.
Review in Journal of autoimmunity. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 70 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
70 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 197 citations in OpenAlex.
- The prevalence of thyroid autoimmunity in patients with urticaria: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Endocrine · 2015Pooled it
- Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated antigen 4 polymorphism and Hashimoto's thyroiditis susceptibility: a meta-analysis.Endocrine · 2014Pooled it
- The associations between the polymorphisms in the CTLA-4 gene and the risk of Graves' disease in the Chinese population.BMC medical genetics · 2013Pooled it
- Different clinical autoimmune polyglandular syndrome phenotypes among patients with thyroid diseases.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2026Article
- The Cross-Knit Between Immune Cells and Thyroid Function in Autoimmune Thyroid Disorders: What We Can Learn from Inborn Errors of Immunity.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Macrophage plasticity in thyroid eye disease: dual effects of inflammation and fibrosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Identification and functional characterization of hub genes CLTA, EDIL3, HAPLN1, and HIP1 as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in thyroid cancer and Hashimoto's thyroiditis.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2025Article
- Autoimmune Thyroid Disease and Pregnancy: The Interaction Between Genetics, Epigenetics and Environmental Factors.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- HLA Class II Allele Groups Involved in Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases: Hashimoto's Thyroiditis and Basedow-Graves Disease.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Effective Inhibition of Thyroid Antigen Presentation Using Retro-Inverso Peptides in Experimental Autoimmune Thyroiditis: A Pathway Toward Immune Therapies of Thyroid Autoimmunity.Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association · 2023Article
- HLA typing of patients who developed subacute thyroiditis and Graves' disease after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination: a case report.BMC endocrine disorders · 2023Article
- Genetics and epigenetics of autoimmune thyroid diseases: Translational implications.Best practice & research. Clinical endocrinology & metabolism · 2023Review
- Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 is associated with dysthyroidism in the French Amazon.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Article
- Compelling Evidence Linking CD40 Gene With Graves' Disease in the Chinese Han Population.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2021Article
- Thyroid Dysfunction and Diabetes Mellitus: Two Closely Associated Disorders.Endocrine reviews · 2019Review
- Article
- Hashimoto Thyroiditis and Dyslipidemia in Childhood: A Review.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2019Review
- Novel missense mutation in PTPN22 in a Chinese pedigree with Hashimoto's thyroiditis.BMC endocrine disorders · 2018Article
- Are Perinatal Events Risk Factors for Childhood Thyroid Autoimmunity?European thyroid journal · 2017Article
- Vaccination and autoimmune diseases: is prevention of adverse health effects on the horizon?The EPMA journal · 2017Review
10 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD) are common autoimmune diseases, affecting up to 5% of the general population. Thyroid-directed autoimmunity is manifested in two classical autoimmune conditions, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, resulting in hypothyroidism and Graves' disease resulting in hyperthyroidism. Autoimmune thyroid diseases arise due to an interplay between environmental and genetic factors. In the past decade significant progress has been made in our understanding of the genetic contribution to the etiology of AITD. Indeed, several AITD susceptibility genes have been identified. Some of these susceptibility genes are specific to either Graves' disease or Hashimoto's thyroiditis, while others confer susceptibility to both conditions. Both immunoregulatory genes and thyroid specific genes contribute to the pathogenesis of AITD. The time is now ripe to examine the mechanistic basis for the contribution of genetic factors to the etiology of AITD. In this review, we will focus on the contribution of non-MHC II genes.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.