ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2007
TGFbeta promotes conversion of CD16+ peripheral blood NK cells into CD16- NK cells with similarities to decidual NK cells.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05473273 (Descriptive Analysis of Serum Immunological Markers During an Euploid Frozen Embryo Transfer in a Natural Cycle), which is not on this map. Cited by 189 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Descriptive Analysis of Serum Immunological Markers During an Euploid Frozen Embryo Transfer in a Natural Cycle (NC).
Who cites it
189 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 359 citations in OpenAlex.
- Role of Transforming Growth Factor-β1 in Regulating Fetal-Maternal Immune Tolerance in Normal and Pathological Pregnancy.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Pooled it
- Impact of a moderate-intensity aerobic exercise intervention on systemic and uterine natural killer cells in women with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Trial
- The unexpected effect of cyclosporin A on CD56+CD16- and CD56+CD16+ natural killer cell subpopulations.Blood · 2007Trial
- Article
- Melatonin and Indole-3-Propionic Acid Reduce Surface FcγRIII/CD16-Related Parameters in Porcine Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells In Vitro.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Review
- The NKp44-1 Isoform Is an Activating Receptor for PDGF-DD Expressed on Natural Killer Cells.Cancers · 2026Article
- dNK3 cells in normal pregnancy and recurrent pregnancy loss: from molecular identity to functional imbalance.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Hyaluronic acid-CD44 signaling from decidual stromal cells orchestrates dNK1 differentiation and immune tolerance in early pregnancy.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Natural killer cells at the interface of tumor immune escape and immunotherapy resistance in endometrial cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- TGF-β drives the conversion of conventional NK cells into uterine tissue-resident NK cells to support murine pregnancy.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Embryo-maternal cross-talk: key players in successful implantation and live birth rates.Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E · 2025Review
- Dual Role of Natural Killer Cells in Early Pregnancy: Immunopathological Implications and Therapeutic Potential in Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion and Recurrent Implantation Failure.Cell proliferation · 2025Review
- Origin of Hypofunctional CD103European journal of immunology · 2025Article
- Natural killer cells adopt an activated and decidual-like phenotype after autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in children with cancer.Communications medicine · 2025Article
- Tissue-resident immune cells: from defining characteristics to roles in diseases.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Review
- Involvement of Tim-3 in Maternal-fetal Tolerance: A Review of Current Understanding.International journal of biological sciences · 2025Review
- CD2 targeted nanoparticles containing IL-2 mimic fetal-maternal tolerance of pregnancy by inducing synergistic TGF-β-producing NK cells and Tregs.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Article
- Comprehensive snapshots of natural killer cells functions, signaling, molecular mechanisms and clinical utilization.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2024Review
129 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
During pregnancy the uterine decidua is populated by large numbers of natural killer (NK) cells with a phenotype CD56(superbright)CD16(-)CD9(+)KIR(+) distinct from both subsets of peripheral blood NK cells. Culture of highly purified CD16(+)CD9(-) peripheral blood NK cells in medium containing TGFbeta1 resulted in a transition to CD16(-)CD9(+) NK cells resembling decidual NK cells. Decidual stromal cells, when isolated and cultured in vitro, were found to produce TGFbeta1. Incubation of peripheral blood NK cells with conditioned medium from decidual stromal cells mirrored the effects of TGFbeta1. Similar changes may occur upon NK cell entry into the decidua or other tissues expressing substantial TGFbeta. In addition, Lin(-)CD34(+)CD45(+) hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells could be isolated from decidual tissue. These progenitors also produced NK cells when cultured in conditioned medium from decidual stromal cells supplemented with IL-15 and stem cell factor.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.