ArticleDiabetes2007
Aerobic exercise overcomes the age-related insulin resistance of muscle protein metabolism by improving endothelial function and Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin signaling.
Article in Diabetes, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 115 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Insulin and Sarcopenia in the Elderly
Nutritional and Contractile Regulation of Muscle Growth (Cycle 2)
Who cites it
115 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 223 citations in OpenAlex.
- Muscle Protein Synthesis Responses Following Aerobic-Based Exercise or High-Intensity Interval Training with or Without Protein Ingestion: A Systematic Review.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2022Pooled it
- Role of insulin in the regulation of human skeletal muscle protein synthesis and breakdown: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Diabetologia · 2016Pooled it
- Metformin Blunts Vascular Insulin Sensitivity After Exercise Training in Adults at Risk for Metabolic Syndrome.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2026Trial
- Trial
- Effect of essential amino acid supplementation and aerobic exercise on insulin sensitivity in healthy older adults: A randomized clinical trial.Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland) · 2020Trial
- Impact of Short-Term Continuous and Interval Exercise Training on Endothelial Function and Glucose Metabolism in Prediabetes.Journal of diabetes research · 2019Trial
- Effects of Aerobic and Resistance Training Combined with Fortified Milk on Muscle Mass, Muscle Strength, and Physical Performance in Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial.The journal of nutrition, health & aging · 2017Trial
- Influence of aerobic exercise intensity on myofibrillar and mitochondrial protein synthesis in young men during early and late postexercise recovery.American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism · 2014Trial
- A moderate acute increase in physical activity enhances nutritive flow and the muscle protein anabolic response to mixed nutrient intake in older adults.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2012Trial
- Reactive hyperemia is not responsible for stimulating muscle protein synthesis following blood flow restriction exercise.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2012Trial
- Muscle time under tension during resistance exercise stimulates differential muscle protein sub-fractional synthetic responses in men.The Journal of physiology · 2012Trial
- Seven days of aerobic exercise training improves conduit artery blood flow following glucose ingestion in patients with type 2 diabetes.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2011Trial
- Heat stress enhances mTOR signaling after resistance exercise in human skeletal muscle.The journal of physiological sciences : JPS · 2011Trial
- Multifactorial nature of anabolic resistance in ageing skeletal muscle: A systems modelling study.The Journal of physiology · 2026Article
- Association between estimated glucose disposal rate and sarcopenia in U.S. adults: a cross-sectional study based on NHANES 2011-2018.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2026Article
- The Association between Sarcopenia and Chronic Kidney Disease among the Patients of Diabetes Mellitus: Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2008-2011.Journal of bone metabolism · 2026Article
- Nutrition's role in extending healthspan: CRN-international symposium report.European journal of nutrition · 2026Article
- Traditional Chinese Medicine for Diabetic Sarcopenia: A Review and Its Related Mechanisms.Journal of diabetes research · 2026Review
- AMPK/mTOR balance during exercise: implications for insulin resistance in aging muscle.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2025Review
- Muscle Organoids Reveal Exercise-Like Contractions Rapidly Promote Muscle Health Via Lamtor1's Signaling to Both AMPK and mTOR.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
55 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Muscle protein metabolism is resistant to insulin's anabolic effect in healthy older subjects. This is associated with reduced insulin vasodilation. We hypothesized that aerobic exercise restores muscle protein anabolism in response to insulin by improving vasodilation in older subjects. We measured blood flow, endothelin-1, Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling, and muscle protein kinetics in response to physiological local hyperinsulinemia in two groups of older subjects following a bout of aerobic exercise (EX group: aged 70 +/- 2 years; 45-min treadmill walk, 70% heart rate max) or rest (CTRL group: aged 68 +/- 1 years). Baseline endothelin-1 was lower and blood flow tended to be higher in the EX group, but protein kinetics was not different between groups. Insulin decreased endothelin-1 (P < 0.05) in both groups, but endothelin-1 remained higher in the CTRL group (P < 0.05) and blood flow increased only in the EX group (EX group: 3.8 +/- 0.7 to 5.3 +/- 0.8; CTRL group: 2.5 +/- 0.2 to 2.6 +/- 0.2 ml x min(-1) x 100 ml leg(-1)). Insulin improved Akt phosphorylation in the EX group and increased mTOR/S6 kinase 1 phosphorylation and muscle protein synthesis (EX group: 49 +/- 11 to 89 +/- 23; CTRL group: 58 +/- 8 to 57 +/- 12 nmol x min(-1) x 100 ml leg(-1)) in the EX group only (P < 0.05). Because breakdown did not change, net muscle protein balance became positive only in the EX group (P < 0.05). In conclusion, a bout of aerobic exercise restores the anabolic response of muscle proteins to insulin by improving endothelial function and Akt/mTOR signaling in older subjects.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.