ArticleJournal of virology2007
Demonstration of coinfection with and recombination by caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus and maedi-visna virus in naturally infected goats.
Article in Journal of virology, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 91 citations in OpenAlex.
- Structural Prediction and Antigenic Characterization of Recombinant Nucleocapsid Protein (p14) of Small Ruminant Lentivirus.Viruses · 2026Article
- Epidemiological Insights into Maedi-Visna Virus in Algeria: First National Seroprevalence Survey and Risk Factor Profiling in Sheep Herds.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Molecular Characterization of Small Ruminant Lentiviruses in Sheep and Goats: A Systematic Review.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Review
- The genetic variability of small-ruminant lentiviruses and its impact on tropism, the development of diagnostic tests and vaccines and the effectiveness of control programmes.Journal of veterinary research · 2023Article
- Isolation and Identification of Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis Virus from Animals in the Republic of Mordovia.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
- Article
- Pathological, molecular, and serological study of small ruminant lentiviruses in Jordan.Veterinary world · 2022Article
- The Prevalence of Histopathological Features of Pneumonia in Goats with Symptomatic Caprine Arthritis-Encephalitis.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- First study on the molecular prevalence of caprine arthritis encephalitis virus in goats in Babylon, Iraq.Veterinary world · 2022Article
- Article
- Article
- Serological, Molecular and Culture-Based Diagnosis of Lentiviral Infections in Small Ruminants.Viruses · 2021Review
- Accurate Diagnosis of Small Ruminant Lentivirus Infection Is Needed for Selection of Resistant Sheep through TMEM154 E35K Genotyping.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Replication of Small Ruminant Lentiviruses in Aluminum Hydroxide-Induced Granulomas in Sheep: a Potential New Factor for Viral Dissemination.Journal of virology · 2020Article
- Eradication of caprine arthritis encephalitis virus in the goat population of South Tyrol, Italy: analysis of the tailing phenomenon during the 2016-2017 campaign.Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation : official publication of the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians, Inc · 2020Article
- Etiology, Epizootiology and Control of Maedi-Visna in Dairy Sheep: A Review.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2020Review
- Phylogenetic Analysis of Belgian Small Ruminant Lentiviruses Supports Cross Species Virus Transmission and Identifies New Subtype B5 Strains.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Classification of small ruminant lentivirus subtype A2, subgroups 1 and 2 based on whole genome comparisons and complex recombination patterns.F1000Research · 2020Article
- Molecular analysis of small-ruminant lentiviruses in Polish flocks reveals the existence of a novel subtype in sheep.Archives of virology · 2019Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Recombination of different strains and subtypes is a hallmark of lentivirus infections, particularly for human immunodeficiency virus, and contributes significantly to viral diversity and evolution both within individual hosts and within populations. Recombinant viruses are generated in individuals coinfected or superinfected with more than one lentiviral strain or subtype. This, however, has never been described in vivo for the prototype lentivirus maedi-visna virus of sheep and its closely related caprine counterpart, the caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus. Cross-species infections occur in animals living under natural conditions, which suggests that dual infections with small-ruminant lentiviruses (SRLVs) are possible. In this paper we describe the first documented case of coinfection and viral recombination in two naturally infected goats. DNA fragments encompassing a variable region of the envelope glycoprotein were obtained from these two animals by end-limiting dilution PCR of peripheral blood mononuclear cells or infected cocultures. Genetic analyses, including nucleotide sequencing and heteroduplex mobility assays, showed that these goats harbored two distinct populations of SRLVs. Phylogenetic analysis permitted us to assign these sequences to the maedi-visna virus group (SRLV group A) or the caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus group (SRLV group B). SimPlot analysis showed clear evidence of A/B recombination within the env gene segment of a virus detected in one of the two goats. This case provides conclusive evidence that coinfection by different strains of SRLVs of groups A and B can indeed occur and that these viruses actually recombine in vivo.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.