ArticleNucleic acids research2007
Tat competes with HEXIM1 to increase the active pool of P-TEFb for HIV-1 transcription.
Article in Nucleic acids research, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 134 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
134 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 183 citations in OpenAlex.
- Multiple Inhibitory Factors Act in the Late Phase of HIV-1 Replication: a Systematic Review of the Literature.Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2018Pooled it
- Phosphorylation of CDK9 at Ser175 enhances HIV transcription and is a marker of activated P-TEFb in CD4(+) T lymphocytes.PLoS pathogens · 2013Trial
- Structural basis for P-TEFb association with BRD4.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Block-and-Lock Approaches for HIV Cure: Mechanistic Insights, Challenges, and Emerging Role of CPSF6.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- HEXIM1/P-TEFb complex controls RNA polymerase II pause release and immediate early gene induction following neuronal depolarization.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2026Article
- Mechanisms of HIV Latency in Hematopoietic Progenitors: GFI1 as a Key Regulator.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- HEXIM1 inter-monomer autoinhibition governs 7SK RNA binding specificity and P-TEFb inactivation.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Single cell technologies and the biology of HIV-infected CD4 T-cell reservoirs.Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2025Review
- Single-molecule live imaging of subunit interactions and exchange within cellular regulatory complexes.Molecular cell · 2025Article
- The HIV-1 Transcriptional Program: From Initiation to Elongation Control.Journal of molecular biology · 2025Review
- Review
- Mitotic deacetylase complex (MiDAC) recognizes the HIV-1 core promoter to control activated viral gene expression.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- The cell biology of HIV-1 latency and rebound.Retrovirology · 2024Review
- An alpha-herpesvirus employs host HEXIM1 to promote viral transcription.Journal of virology · 2024Article
- Emerging roles of the Protein Phosphatase 1 (PP1) in the context of viral infections.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2024Review
- P-TEFb: The master regulator of transcription elongation.Molecular cell · 2023Review
- Article
- Identification of Novel Nucleocapsid Chimeric Proteins Inhibiting HIV-1 Replication.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- A structure-based mechanism for displacement of the HEXIM adapter from 7SK small nuclear RNA.Communications biology · 2022Article
- Infectious RNA: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Biology, Therapeutic Intervention, and the Quest for a Vaccine.Toxins · 2022Review
74 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) transcriptional transactivator (Tat) recruits the positive transcription elongation factor b (P-TEFb) to the viral promoter. Consisting of cyclin dependent kinase 9 (Cdk9) and cyclin T1, P-TEFb phosphorylates RNA polymerase II and the negative transcription elongation factor to stimulate the elongation of HIV-1 genes. A major fraction of nuclear P-TEFb is sequestered into a transcriptionally inactive 7SK small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP) by the coordinated actions of the 7SK small nuclear RNA (snRNA) and hexamethylene bisacetamide (HMBA) induced protein 1 (HEXIM1). In this study, we demonstrate that Tat prevents the formation of and also releases P-TEFb from the 7SK snRNP in vitro and in vivo. This ability of Tat depends on the integrity of its N-terminal activation domain and stems from the high affinity interaction between Tat and cyclin T1, which allows Tat to directly displace HEXIM1 from cyclin T1. Furthermore, we find that in contrast to the Tat-independent activation of the HIV-1 promoter, Tat-dependent HIV-1 transcription is largely insensitive to the inhibition by HEXIM1. Finally, primary blood lymphocytes display a reduced amount of the endogenous 7SK snRNP upon HIV-1 infection. All these data are consistent with the model that Tat not only recruits but also increases the active pool of P-TEFb for efficient HIV-1 transcription.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.