ArticleJournal of bacteriology2007
Spatial patterns of DNA replication, protein synthesis, and oxygen concentration within bacterial biofilms reveal diverse physiological states.
Article in Journal of bacteriology, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 132 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
132 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 334 citations in OpenAlex.
- Biomaterials approaches to treating implant-associated osteomyelitis.Biomaterials · 2016Pooled it
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- Role of starvation survival response mechanisms on ribosome integrity, antibiotic tolerances, and virulence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2026Article
- Persistent Gaps in the Ultimate Mechanisms of Antimicrobial-Induced Bacterial Killing.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Investigating Salmonella biofilm responses to antibiotic treatment using optical photothermal infrared spectroscopy.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Metabolic and regulatory adaptations of Staphylococcus epidermidis to host stresses.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2026Review
- Dynamics of bacterial biofilm development imaged using light sheet fluorescence microscopy.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2025Article
- Antibiotic resistance and preventive strategies in foodborne pathogenic bacteria: a comprehensive review.Food science and biotechnology · 2025Review
- Oxygen microenvironments inMicrobiology (Reading, England) · 2025Article
- Bacterial single-cell RNA sequencing captures biofilm transcriptional heterogeneity and differential responses to immune pressure.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Molecular Mechanisms of Biofilm Formation inAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Article
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- Highly inclined light sheet allows volumetric super-resolution imaging of efflux pumps distribution in bacterial biofilms.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Cellular arrangement impacts metabolic activity and antibiotic tolerance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms.PLoS biology · 2024Article
- CAM/TMA-DPH as a promising alternative to SYTO9/PI for cell viability assessment in bacterial biofilms.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Article
- Microbiome modeling: a beginner's guide.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Review
- Translating phage therapy into the clinic: Recent accomplishments but continuing challenges.PLoS biology · 2023Article
- The Role of Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci Biofilms on Late-Onset Sepsis: Current Challenges and Emerging Diagnostics and Therapies.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
72 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
It has long been suspected that microbial biofilms harbor cells in a variety of activity states, but there have been few direct experimental visualizations of this physiological heterogeneity. Spatial patterns of DNA replication and protein synthetic activity were imaged and quantified in staphylococcal biofilms using immunofluorescent detection of pulse-labeled DNA and also an inducible green fluorescent protein (GFP) construct. Stratified patterns of DNA synthetic and protein synthetic activity were observed in all three biofilm systems to which the techniques were applied. In a colony biofilm system, the dimensions of the zone of anabolism at the air interface ranged from 16 to 38 microm and corresponded with the depth of oxygen penetration measured with a microelectrode. A second zone of activity was observed along the nutrient interface of the biofilm. Much of the biofilm was anabolically inactive. Since dead cells constituted only 10% of the biofilm population, most of the inactive cells in the biofilm were still viable. Collectively, these results suggest that staphylococcal biofilms contain cells in at least four distinct states: growing aerobically, growing fermentatively, dead, and dormant. The variety of activity states represented in a biofilm may contribute to the special ecology and tolerance to antimicrobial agents of biofilms.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.