ReviewVirus genes2007
HIV-1 gp41 heptad repeat 2 (HR2) possesses an amino acid domain that resembles the allergen domain in Aspergillus fumigatus Asp f1 protein: review, hypothesis and implications.
Review in Virus genes, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Aspergillus fumigatus escape mechanisms from its harsh survival environments.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2024Review
- P2X1 Selective Antagonists Block HIV-1 Infection through Inhibition of Envelope Conformation-Dependent Fusion.Journal of virology · 2020Article
- Defining the functional domain of programmed cell death 10 through its interactions with phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate.PloS one · 2010Article
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Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Enfuvirtide (ENF, T-20, Fuzeon) is the first synthetic peptide to be modeled according to the amino acid sequence of HIV-1 heptad repeat 2, which was used to treat cohorts of HIV-1-infected individuals who had failed to respond to treatment with the anti-HIV-1 cocktail HAART. It was reported that when injected subcutaneously, Enfuvirtide reduced viral RNA in patients' blood by 1.96 log(10), leading to a subsequent increase in the number of CD4(+) T cells in the blood. The drug treatment caused adverse effects at the injection site in a small number of treated individuals, and a gradual increase in IgE in the blood during prolonged treatment. Enfuvirtide was approved for treatment of HIV-1 patients who developed resistance to HAART. The present review attempts to explain the adverse effects of Enfuvirtide at the skin site of injection, and the gradual increase in IgE in patients' blood during treatment. These phenomena were reported to resemble the effect of allergens that cause asthma in humans. It is hypothesized that since the amino acid domain of the Asp f1 allergen from Aspergillus fumigatus was identified in the N-terminus of an 18 kDa protein, it may be useful to compare Asp f1 peptide aa 7-22 from the beta-hairpin sequence to the beta-hairpin sequence of the heptad repeat 2 of HIV-1 gp41. The comparison revealed that the amino acid sequence resembles part of the Asp f1 aa 7-22 allergenic domain. The heptad repeat 1 of gp41 also resembles the fungal allergen. It is suggested that the Enfuvirtide peptide be tested experimentally to determine if ENF peptide is capable of binding to IgE antibodies from Enfuvirtide-treated, HIV-1-infected patients, and whether the HR2-derived peptide is capable of inducing basophils that were isolated from healthy individuals and from ENF-treated and untreated HIV-1 patients to release histamine and IL-4.
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