ArticleSchizophrenia bulletin2007
Early infections of Toxoplasma gondii and the later development of schizophrenia.
Article in Schizophrenia bulletin, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 60 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
60 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The promise of biological markers for treatment response in first-episode psychosis: a systematic review.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2015Pooled it
- Relation of schizophrenia prevalence to latitude, climate, fish consumption, infant mortality, and skin color: a role for prenatal vitamin d deficiency and infections?Schizophrenia bulletin · 2009Pooled it
- From cats to cortex:Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Review
- Association between latent toxoplasmosis and bipolar disorder: a case-control seroprevalence study.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Toxoplasma-induced behavior changes - is microbial dysbiosis the missing link?Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Review
- Review
- Article
- Pregestational Exposure toCells · 2022Article
- IL-6 and IL-8: An Overview of Their Roles in Healthy and Pathological Pregnancies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Association between Toxoplasma gondii infection and psychiatric disorders: a cross-sectional study in China.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Toxoplasma gondii Infection Among Institutionalized Children with Down syndrome in Sana'a city, Yemen: Implications of Low IgG Seroprevalence.Acta parasitologica · 2022Article
- Urban-Rural Differences in Schizophrenia Risk: Multilevel Survival Analyses of Individual- and Neighborhood-Level Indicators, Urbanicity and Population Density in a Danish National Cohort Study.Schizophrenia bulletin open · 2022Article
- Toxoplasmosis: Targeting neurotransmitter systems in psychiatric disorders.Metabolic brain disease · 2022Review
- Article
- Distinct trans-placental effects of maternal immune activation by TLR3 and TLR7 agonists: implications for schizophrenia risk.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Association between circulating levels of C-reactive protein and positive and negative symptoms of psychosis in adolescents in a general population birth cohort.Journal of psychiatric research · 2021Article
- Association of Maternal Immune Activation during Pregnancy and Neurologic Outcomes in Offspring.The Journal of pediatrics · 2021Article
- Neurological and Neurobehavioral Disorders Associated withJournal of parasitology research · 2021Review
- Maternal Immune Activation and Schizophrenia-Evidence for an Immune Priming Disorder.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Early exposure to several infectious agents has been associated with the later development of schizophrenia. Two recent studies assessed in utero or early postnatal exposure to Toxoplasma gondii. In one study of 63 individuals, who developed schizophrenia spectrum disorders, maternal sera obtained during pregnancy showed an increased risk (OR 2.61) of having IgG antibodies to T. gondii. In the other study of 71 individuals who developed schizophrenia, sera obtained shortly after birth also showed an increased risk (OR 1.79) of having IgG antibodies to T. gondii. Causal linking mechanisms are at present speculative but include possible direct effects of maternal IgG on the developing central nervous system (CNS) of the offspring. Additional studies are underway.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.