ArticleBMC molecular biology2007
Selection of reliable reference genes for qPCR studies on chondroprotective action.
Article in BMC molecular biology, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy of glucosamine plus diacerein versus monotherapy of glucosamine: a double-blind, parallel randomized clinical trial.Arthritis research & therapy · 2016Trial
- The Effect of IL-17A and Combined Mechanical Injury on Meniscal Tissue Integrity In Vitro.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- A Strategy for the Selection of RT-qPCR Reference Genes Based on Publicly Available Transcriptomic Datasets.Biomedicines · 2023Article
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- Influence of Platelet Lysate on 2D and 3D Amniotic Mesenchymal Stem Cell Cultures.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2019Article
- Validation of Reference Genes for Quantitative Real-Time PCR during Bicolor Tepal Development in Asiatic Hybrid Lilies (Frontiers in plant science · 2017Article
- Bioenergetic Failure in Rat Oligodendrocyte Progenitor Cells Treated with Cerebrospinal Fluid Derived from Multiple Sclerosis Patients.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2017Article
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- Importance of reference gene selection for articular cartilage mechanobiology studies.Osteoarthritis and cartilage · 2016Article
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- Selection and validation of reference genes for normalization of quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR analysis in Poria cocos (Schw.) Wolf (Fuling).Chinese medicine · 2016Article
- Bypassing hazard of housekeeping genes: their evaluation in rat granule neurons treated with cerebrospinal fluid of multiple sclerosis subjects.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2015Article
- Reference gene selection for real-time RT-PCR normalization in rice field eel (Monopterus albus) during gonad development.Fish physiology and biochemistry · 2014Article
- Nanosizing of a poorly soluble drug: technique optimization, factorial analysis, and pharmacokinetic study in healthy human volunteers.International journal of nanomedicine · 2014Article
- Caesalpinia sappan extract inhibits IL1β-mediated overexpression of matrix metalloproteinases in human chondrocytes.Genes & nutrition · 2012Article
- A 3D system for culturing human articular chondrocytes in synovial fluid.Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE · 2012Article
- Mycoplasma synoviae induces upregulation of apoptotic genes, secretion of nitric oxide and appearance of an apoptotic phenotype in infected chicken chondrocytes.Veterinary research · 2012Article
- Anti-inflammatory activity of an ethanolic Caesalpinia sappan extract in human chondrocytes and macrophages.Journal of ethnopharmacology · 2011Article
- Validation of endogenous controls for gene expression studies in peripheral lymphocytes from war veterans with and without PTSD.BMC molecular biology · 2010Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundChondroprotective agents (CPA) such as glucosamine, curcumin and diacerein represent potential remedies for the management of osteoarthritis and several studies have been performed on their effects in-vitro and in-vivo. For the investigation of chondroprotective action on chondrocyte gene expression, quantitative real-time RT-PCR is the method of choice. However, validation of applied normalization strategies represents a crucial and sometimes neglected step in the analysis process. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the expression stability of common reference genes (ACTB, Beta actin; GAPDH, Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate; B2M, Beta-2-microglobulin; HPRT1, Hypoxanthine phosphoribosyl-transferase I; SDHA, Succinate dehydrogenase complex, subunit A; YWHAZ, Tyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein, zeta polypeptide) under the influence of glucosamine, curcumin and diacerein in the IL-1beta-stimulated C-28/I2 chondrocyte model, using the geNorm software tool.
resultsCPA treatment of C-28/I2 chondrocytes significantly affected the expression level of many reference genes (p < 0.05). According to their expression stability, geNorm analysis revealed rankings of the 3 most stable genes (from most stable to least stable) as follows: GAPDH, B2M and SDHA in glucosamine treated samples and HPRT1, GAPDH and B2M in curcumin or diacerein treated samples. Interestingly, ACTB was one of the most variably expressed genes throughout all experiments.
conclusionOur study points out the problem of relying on commonly used reference genes without an accurate validation process. For normalization purposes in gene profiling studies on glucosamine action, the genes GAPDH, B2M and SDHA are recommended as single reference genes depending on the expression level of the target gene or more favourably in combination. For experiments with curcumin and diacerein the use of HPRT1, GAPDH and B2M should be considered.
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