ArticlePlanta2007
Cuticular wax biosynthesis in petunia petals: cloning and characterization of an alcohol-acyltransferase that synthesizes wax-esters.
Article in Planta, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers.
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Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 83 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Functional diversity of sunflower DGAT1 and DGAT2 enzymes underlying seed triacylglycerol biosynthesis.Frontiers in plant science · 2026Article
- Bumblebees learn to use antennal and tarsal taste to predict the presence of nectar rewards in flowers.The Journal of experimental biology · 2025Article
- The WSD-type wax ester synthase is widely conserved in streptophytes and crucial for floral organ formation under high humidity in land plants.Journal of plant research · 2025Article
- The cuticular wax composition and crystal coverage of leaves and petals differ in a consistent manner between plant species.Open biology · 2024Article
- The R2R3-MYB transcription factor EVER controls the emission of petunia floral volatiles by regulating epicuticular wax biosynthesis in the petal epidermis.The Plant cell · 2023Article
- Enhancing very long chain fatty acids production in Yarrowia lipolytica.Microbial cell factories · 2022Article
- Heterologous Expression and Characterization of Plant Wax Ester Producing Enzymes.Metabolites · 2022Article
- The production of wax esters in transgenic plants: towards a sustainable source of bio-lubricants.Journal of experimental botany · 2022Review
- Insight into the regulatory networks underlying the high lipid perennial ryegrass growth under different irradiances.PloS one · 2022Article
- Genome-wide analysis of the WSD family in sunflower and functional identification ofFrontiers in plant science · 2022Article
- Variation in Petal and Leaf Wax Deposition Affects Cuticular Transpiration in Cut Lily Flowers.Frontiers in plant science · 2021Article
- The Studies in Constructing Yeast Cell Factories for the Production of Fatty Acid Alkyl Esters.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2021Review
- Leveraging GWAS data to identify metabolic pathways and networks involved in maize lipid biosynthesis.The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology · 2019Article
- Insight into the evolution and functional characteristics of the pan-genome assembly from sesame landraces and modern cultivars.Plant biotechnology journal · 2019Article
- Structural and Biochemical Studies of a Biocatalyst for the Enzymatic Production of Wax Esters.ACS catalysis · 2018Article
- Wax Ester Synthase/Diacylglycerol Acyltransferase Isoenzymes Play a Pivotal Role in Wax Ester Biosynthesis in Euglena gracilis.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Two bifunctional enzymes from the marine protistBiotechnology for biofuels · 2017Article
- The acyl-activating enzyme PhAAE13 is an alternative enzymatic source of precursors for anthocyanin biosynthesis in petunia flowers.Journal of experimental botany · 2017Article
- Characterization and Functional Analysis of a Type 2 Diacylglycerol Acyltransferase (Frontiers in plant science · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The surface of plants is covered by cuticular wax, which contains a mixture of very long-chain fatty acid (VLCFA) derivatives. This wax surface provides a hydrophobic barrier which reduces non-stomatal water loss. One component of the cuticular wax is the alkyl esters, which typically contain a VLCFA esterified to an alcohol of a similar length. As part of an EST project, we recently identified an acyltransferase with 19% sequence identity (amino acid) to a bacterial 'bifunctional' wax-ester synthase/diacylglycerol acyltransferase (WS/DGAT). Northern analysis revealed that this petunia homologue was expressed predominantly within the petals. The cDNA encoding the WS/DGAT homologue was introduced into a yeast strain deficient in triacylglycerol biosynthesis. The expressed protein failed to restore triacylglycerol biosynthesis, indicating that it lacked DGAT activity. However, isoamyl esters of fatty acids were detected, which suggested that the petunia cDNA encoded a wax-synthase. Waxes were extracted from petunia petals and leaves. The petal wax extract was rich in VLCFA esters of methyl, isoamyl, and short-to-medium straight chain alcohols (C4-C12). These low molecular weight wax-esters were not present in leaf wax. In-vitro enzymes assays were performed using the heterologously expressed protein and 14C-labelled substrates. The expressed protein was membrane bound, and displayed a preference for medium chain alcohols and saturated very long-chain acyl-CoAs. In fact, the activity would be sufficient to produce most of the low molecular wax-esters present in petals, with methyl-esters being the exception. This work is the first characterization of a eukaryotic protein from the WS/DGAT family.
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