ArticleBiochemical pharmacology2007
Comparison of the maturation of the adrenergic and serotonergic neurotransmitter systems in the brain: implications for differential drug effects on juveniles and adults.
Article in Biochemical pharmacology, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 64 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
64 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 152 citations in OpenAlex.
- The effectiveness of Interpersonal Psychotherapy-Adolescent Skills Training for adolescents with depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Pooled it
- The Impact of Antidepressant Dose and Class on Treatment Response in Pediatric Anxiety Disorders: A Meta-Analysis.Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry · 2018Pooled it
- Brain morphological changes in adolescent and adult patients with anorexia nervosa.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2016Pooled it
- Impact of escitalopram on vagally mediated cardiovascular function in healthy participants: implications for understanding differential age-related, treatment emergent effects.Psychopharmacology · 2014Trial
- Adolescent ethanol exposure reduces central amygdala GABA transmission but preserves noradrenergic signaling in adulthood.Neuropharmacology · 2026Article
- From morphine to buprenorphine - Modeling opioid use disorder and its treatment during pregnancy: Effects on maternal care and offspring neurodevelopment in a translational rodent model.Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior · 2025Article
- Navigating Adolescence with PKU: Adherence, Metabolic Control, and Wellbeing in a UK Clinical Centre.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Premorbid characteristics of the SAPAP3 mouse model of obsessive-compulsive disorder: behavior, neuroplasticity, and psilocybin treatment.The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology · 2025Article
- Changing characteristics of somatosensory evoked potentials in adolescents.Clinical neurophysiology practice · 2025Article
- Article
- Passively administered fluoxetine reaches the juvenile brain of FSL rats and reduces antioxidant defences, without altering serotonin turnover.BMC pharmacology & toxicology · 2024Article
- Characterization of the Neurochemical and Behavioral Effects of the Phenethylamine 2-Cl-4,5-MDMA in Adolescent and Adult Male Rats.The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology · 2024Article
- Sleep, brain systems, and persistent stress in early adolescents during COVID-19: Insights from the ABCD study.Journal of affective disorders · 2024Article
- The effects of locus coeruleus ablation on mouse brain volume and microstructure evaluated by high-field MRI.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2024Article
- The selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor reboxetine promotes late-stage fracture healing in mice.iScience · 2023Article
- Catecholamine Variations in Pediatric Gastrointestinal Disorders and Their Neuropsychiatric Expression.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- Inhibition of norepinephrine signaling during a sensitive period disrupts locus coeruleus circuitry and emotional behaviors in adulthood.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Locus coeruleus ablation in mice: protocol optimization, stereology and behavioral impact.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2023Article
- Raging Hormones: Why Age-Based Etiological Conceptualizations of the Development of Antisocial Behavior Are Insufficient.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2022Review
- Negative relationship between brain αExperimental brain research · 2020Article
4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Our understanding of the development of neurotransmitter systems in the central nervous system has increased greatly over the past three decades and it has become apparent that drug effects on the developing nervous system may differ considerably from effects on the mature nervous system. Recently it has become clear there are significant differences in the effectiveness of antidepressant drug classes in children and adolescents compared to adults. Whereas the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors are effective in treating all ages from children to adults, the tricyclic antidepressants, many of which inhibit norepinephrine reuptake, have been shown to be ineffective in treating children and adolescents even though they are effective in adults. We review here the development of the noradrenergic and serotonergic nervous systems, both in terms of neurotransmitter system markers and function. Both of these neurotransmitter systems are primary targets of antidepressant medications as well as of central nervous system stimulants. It is clear from a comparison of their development that the serotonin system reaches maturity much earlier than the norepinephrine system. We suggest this may help explain the differences in response to antidepressants in children and adolescents compared to adults. In addition, these differences suggest that drugs acting preferentially on either neurotransmitter system may impact the normal course of CNS development at different time points. Consideration of such differences in the development of neurotransmitter systems may be of significance in optimizing treatments for a variety of centrally mediated disorders.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.