ArticleInfection and immunity2007
Mucosal and systemic immune responses in patients with diarrhea due to CS6-expressing enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Refinement of the CS6-expressing enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli strain B7A human challenge model: A randomized trial.PloS one · 2020Trial
- Systemic and mucosal immunity to enterotoxigenicFrontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Enteric viral pathogens and child growth among under-five children: findings from South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Article
- Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in the Population Living in High- and Low-Density Gradient Areas in Dhaka, Bangladesh.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2022Article
- Pathogens Associated With Linear Growth Faltering in Children With Diarrhea and Impact of Antibiotic Treatment: The Global Enteric Multicenter Study.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2021Article
- Contribution of Noncanonical Antigens to Virulence and Adaptive Immunity in Human Infection with Enterotoxigenic E. coli.Infection and immunity · 2021Article
- Assessing antigen specific HLA-DR+ antibody secreting cell (DR+ASC) responses in whole blood in enteric infections using an ELISPOT technique.Microbes and infection · 2018Article
- The Antibody-Secreting Cell Response to Infection: Kinetics and Clinical Applications.Frontiers in immunology · 2017Review
- Enumeration of Gut-Homing β7-Positive, Pathogen-Specific Antibody-Secreting Cells in Whole Blood from Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli- and Vibrio cholerae-Infected Patients, Determined Using an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Spot Assay Technique.Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI · 2016Article
- Antigen-specific memory B-cell responses to enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli infection in Bangladeshi adults.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2014Article
- Article
- Article
- Heat-labile- and heat-stable-toxoid fusions (LTR₁₉₂G-STaP₁₃F) of human enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli elicit neutralizing antitoxin antibodies.Infection and immunity · 2011Article
- Plasmablast-derived polyclonal antibody response after influenza vaccination.Journal of immunological methods · 2011Article
- Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi-specific immunoglobulin A antibody responses in plasma and antibody in lymphocyte supernatant specimens in Bangladeshi patients with suspected typhoid fever.Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI · 2009Article
- Sulfatide recognition by colonization factor antigen CS6 from enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli.PloS one · 2009Article
- Case series study of traveler's diarrhea in U.S. military personnel at Incirlik Air Base, Turkey.Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI · 2008Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Colonization factor CS6 expressed by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is a nonfimbrial polymeric protein. A substantial proportion of ETEC strains isolated from patients in endemic settings and in people who travel to regions where ETEC is endemic are ETEC strains expressing CS6, either alone or in combination with fimbrial colonization factor CS5 or CS4. However, relatively little is known about the natural immune responses elicited against CS6 expressed by ETEC strains causing disease. We studied patients who were hospitalized with diarrhea (n = 46) caused by CS6-expressing ETEC (ETEC expressing CS6 or CS5 plus CS6) and had a disease spectrum ranging from severe dehydration (27%) to moderate or mild dehydration (73%). Using recombinant CS6 antigen, we found that more than 90% of the patients had mucosal immune responses to CS6 expressed as immunoglobulin (IgA) antibody-secreting cells (ASC) or antibody in lymphocyte supernatant (ALS) and that about 57% responded with CS6-specific IgA antibodies in feces. More than 80% of the patients showed IgA seroconversion to CS6. Significant increases in the levels of anti-CS6 antibodies of the IgG isotype were also observed in assays for ASC (75%), ALS (100%), and serum (70%). These studies demonstrated that patients hospitalized with the noninvasive enteric pathogen CS6-expressing ETEC responded with both mucosal and systemic antibodies against CS6. Studies are needed to determine if the anti-CS6 responses protect against reinfection and if protective levels of CS6 immunity are induced by vaccination.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.